Welcome

1. Emergency First Aid Training Welcome

2. Introduction Please Read The Training Charter • Complete registration form. • Course Title is Emergency First Aid at work • Bring registration form & Identity to trainer (Authenticity)

3. Introduction ‘Please Read’ First Aid training is a practical and active course. We would normally expect participants to be capable of kneeling, bending, lying down, preforming simulated CPR and to take a full and active part by acting as casualties for each other.If you feel uncomfortable or have a problem please inform our experienced trainers. We may well have a strategy for helping you throughout the course.

4. Introduction Course Safety and Hygiene Domestics EFAW – QCDA Level 2 Hygiene Kneeling mats Assessment +MCQ Quality assurance, complaints, special considerations Sign and return form

5. Introduction Why are we here? Personal morality? Duty of Care? Public Perception?

6. P P P The aims of first aid Preserve Life Prevent Worsening Promote Recovery

7. The aims of first aid Vital Signs How do we know someone is alive? Colour Temperature Consciousness Breathing

8. The aims of first aid Vital Signs NORMAL ABNORMAL

9. The aims of first aid Vital Signs A-Alert / Conscious V-Voice P-Pain U-Unresponsive / Unconscious

10. D R A B C Priorities of treatment – Primary survey 2 Danger Response Airway Breathing Circulation

11. The airway 4

12. D Danger? YES Remove Danger R NO Response? NO Help! A Open Airway B Normal Breathing? NO Call 999/112 Now (If not already done) Resuscitation 30 to 2 • Give 30 chest compressions, then 2 rescue breaths. • Continue giving cycles of 30 compressions to 2 rescue breaths. • Only stop to recheck the casualty if they start to wake up AND start breathing normally. • If there is more than one rescuer, change over every 1 - 2 minutes to prevent fatigue. Resuscitation flow chart 3

13. Score 3 Score Your Partner 0 – Fatal 1- Dangerous 2- Ok few small errors 3 – perfect, no mistakes

14. D R A B Resuscitation 4-8 Danger Response Airway Breathing Normally?

15. Resuscitation 4-8 WARNING: “In the first few minutes after cardiac arrest, a casualty may be barely breathing, or taking infrequent, noisy gasps. These are known as ‘agonal’ gasps, and should not be confused with normal breathing.” If you are in doubt, start CPR.

16. Child and baby CPR 7 First Aiders can use the adult sequence of resuscitation on a child or baby who is unresponsive and not breathing.

17. Give five initial rescue breaths before starting chest compressions For a child over 1 year,use one or two handsto achieve an adequate depth For a babyunder 1 year, use two fingers Child and baby CPR 7 The following minor modifications to the adult sequence will, however, make it even more suitable for use in children: Compress the chest by about one-third of its depth: If you are on your own, perform resuscitation for about 1 minute before going for help

18. Vomiting 8 Gurgling noises when giving rescue breaths?

19. Secondary survey 9 Primary Survey First – DRABC Recovery Position? History, Signs and Symptoms Head and Neck Shoulders and Chest Abdomen and Pelvis Legs and Arms Pockets and Clues

20. Cough! 5 Back Blows 5 Abdominal Thrusts Choking adult or child 11

21. 5 Back Blows 5 Chest Thrusts Choking baby 13

22. Choking – unconscious casualty 4-7 Start CPR!

23. S E E P Treatment of bleeding 15 Sit or Lay Examine Elevate Pressure

24. Types of wound – laceration

25. Types of wound – laceration

26. Types of wound – laceration

27. Types of wound – puncture wound

28. Types of wound – amputation

29. Severity of burns 19 S Size C Cause A Age L Location D Depth

30. 1% Burns – estimating the area 19

31. Burns 19

32. 1 Cool 2 Remove 3 Dress Burns treatment 19

33. Angina and heart attack 22 Angina Heart Attack Onset Sudden, usually during exertion, stress or extreme weather. Sudden, can occur at rest. Pain Vice-like squashing pain.‘Dull’, ‘tightness’ or ‘pressure’.Can be mistaken for indigestion. Vice-like squashing pain.‘Dull’, ‘tightness’ or ‘pressure’.Can be mistaken for indigestion. Location of Pain Central chest. Can radiate intoarms, neck, jaw, back, shoulders. Central chest. Can radiate into arms, neck, jaw, back, shoulders. Duration 3 – 8 Minutes, rarely longer. Usually longer than 30 minutes. Skin Pale, may be sweaty. Pale, grey colour. May sweat profusely. Pulse Variable. Often becomesirregular, missing beats. Variable. Often becomesirregular, missing beats. Shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sense of ‘impending doom’. Shortness of breath,weakness, anxiety. Other signs and symptoms Factors giving relief Resting, reducing stress,taking ‘GTN’ medication. GTN medication may give partial or no relief.

34. F A S T Stroke 23 Facial weakness Arm weakness Speech problems Time to call 999!

35. Normal Unequal Dilated Stroke 23

36. insulin sugar Fixed amount injected: Eaten: Diabetes 24 To balance the insulin taken. Burns up sugar!

37. sugar insulin Diabetes – untreated 24

38. sugar insulin Diabetes – low blood sugar 24 Or not eaten enough food; Overdosedon insulin Or over exercised.

39. Diabetes – low blood sugar 24 Why is low blood sugar so dangerous? Brain cells can only use glucose (sugar) for energy. Oxygen + Food=Energy=LIFE

40. Low Blood Sugar High Blood Sugar Diabetes 24 Onset Slow Fast Levels of response Deteriorate slowly Deteriorate rapidly Skin Pale, cold, sweaty Dry and Warm Breathing Deep sighing breaths Shallow and rapid Pulse Rapid Rapid Excessive urinationVery thirstyHungerFruity smell on breath Other symptoms May be confused for drunkenness

41. Picture: Many Thanks to the Anaphylaxis Campaign. Anaphylaxis 27

42. and finally… Successful Resuscitation?

43. Emergency First Aid Training Thank you!