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Aim : How will Johnson’s differences with Congress seal his fate later down the road?.
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Aim: How will Johnson’s differences with Congress seal his fate later down the road?
After the assassination of Lincoln, Johnson will become the President of the USA. He is left with one of the toughest jobs any President has had to deal with up until this point in our nation’s history…RECONSTRUCTION. We just saw how difficult it is to reach every group in society…can Johnson get the job done?
Reconstruction (day 2) • Johnson v. Radicals • Right from the start, Johnson does not get support from the radicals, why is that? He is a democrat and Former slave owner!!!
Whose plan did Johnson support and how will this also have an impact on his relationship with Congress? • Johnson only wanted to follow example set by Lincoln • Adopted the 13th Amendment—FREED THE SLAVES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
B. Southern Responses to Andrew Johnson 1. Black Codes What are Black Codes and why were they passed in the South?
Black Codes was a name given to laws passed by southern governments. These laws imposed severe restrictions on freed slaves such as prohibiting their right to vote, forbidding them to sit on juries, limiting their right to testify against white men, carrying weapons in public places and working in certain occupations. LET’S TAKE A LOOK AT SOME LAWS!
2. Former Confederates are pardoned by Johnson and are elected back into office.
By the fall of 1867 he had granted about 13,500 individual pardons.
C. Congress sets up the Committee of Reconstruction Afraid that the Democrats are gaining too much representation, Republicans want to keep the majority. William Pitt Fessenden
The Joint Committee on Reconstruction led by Radical Republicans it was created to "inquire into the condition of the States which formed the so-called Confederate States of America, and report whether they, or any of them, are entitled to be represented in either house of Congress."
D. Freedmen’s Bureau--Reading 1. Methods: handed out free meals to black and white refugees, built hospitals, helped freedmen find jobs, and tried to protect against black codes, build schools. 2. JOHNSON VETO’S Bill because it gave Bureau too much power How will this veto affect Johnson’s relationship with Congress?
E. The Civil Rights Bill • Goal: To protect the blacks in the South • Allowed the federal government to intervene in a state’s affairs to protect the rights of all US citizens. • Johnson vetoed the bill • *** the federal government does not have the right to intervene in state civil rights issues.
(6) On 27th March, 1866, Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Bill that had been passed by Congress. The bill in effect proposes a discrimination against large numbers of intelligent, worthy, and patriotic foreigners, and in favor of the Negro, to whom, after long years of bondage, the avenues to freedom and intelligence have just now been suddenly opened. He must, of necessity, from his previous unfortunate condition of servitude, be less informed as to the nature and character of our institutions than he who, coming from abroad, has to some extent at least, familiarized himself with the principles of a government to which he voluntarily entrusts "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."
Republican members of Congress that have tried to work with Johnson have now become frustrated. They join with the Radical Republicans and 4. Passed the Civil Rights Act and Freedmen’s Bureau bill and overrode Johnson’s Vetoes.
E. The 14th Amendment • Guaranteed citizens equal protection under the law.
Many states ratified the 14th amendment but others did not. Johnson tried to even form a new party of Democrats to oppose the Republicans. He traveled the country to try to bring people to his side. How does this further put a rift between himself and Congress?
Johnson’s Impeachment • Radicals felt that Johnson was not enforcing the Reconstruction Acts • Looked for grounds to impeach-remove him from office • 3. Tenure of Office Act passed • 4. Found not guilty by ONE VOTE!!!
