1 / 30

Islam

Islam. By: Jackie Nietert & Josh Oleksiak. Video about Islam. Practiced Originally. Shahadah Basic confession of faith Said many times daily “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the prophet of Allah” 2 nd part sums up the Muslim principle of revelation

boyd
Download Presentation

Islam

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Islam By:Jackie Nietert & Josh Oleksiak

  2. Video about Islam

  3. Practiced Originally • Shahadah • Basic confession of faith • Said many times daily • “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the prophet of Allah” • 2nd part sums up the Muslim principle of revelation • Confess Muhammad is prophet of Allah, confess Quran verses are word of Allah

  4. Practiced Originally • Salat • Second pillar of Islam • Pray five times a day, at daybreak, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and before bed • Made up of prescribed ritual washings and portions of the Quran to be recited in Arabic • 1st surah is always recited • Every Friday must perform Salat in communal setting with imam (teacher)

  5. Practiced Originally • Zakat • Third pillar • Almsgiving • Islam regards all wealth as belonging to god • Every Muslim has to give 2 and a half percent of his wealth • Zakat means “sweetening”

  6. Practiced Originally • Sawm • Fourth pillar • Fasting • Fast during month of Ramadan • Ramadan is the month in which Muhammad obtained his 1st revelation • Every adult Muslim has to abstain from food, drink, and sexual intercourse dawn to sunset for entire month • Fasting is done to increase self-discipline and for the praise of Allah

  7. Practiced Originally • Hajj • Fifth pillar • Pilgrimage to Mecca • During the first to twelfth days of the last month of the year • Only if you have the money to make trip, and have paid Zakat • Pilgrimage includes: visiting the great mosque, kissing the Black Stone, and circling the Kabah seven times • Purpose is to strengthen a Muslim’s faith

  8. Original Beliefs • Muhammad • Preached that there is only one god • Claimed Islam is the only true religion • Declared himself a prophet and messenger of God • Claimed that his revelations were the eternal, unalterable, and perfect word of god

  9. Texts of Islam • Quran • Final recordings of Muhammad’s revelations from the Angel Gabriel • Written in 650 A.D. • In perfect Arabic • Contains 114 chapter, arranged from longest to shortest in length

  10. Texts of Islam • Hadith • Means “story; tradition” • Sayings and actions of Muhammad • Also actions and sayings of his close followers • When the Quran does not give guidance for a specific situation, the Hadith is used

  11. Texts of Islam • Shariah • Law of Islam • Combines Quran, Hadith, and other Islamic laws and codes of ethics • In countries where Islam is dominant, Shariah is the governing law • Allows no separation from the sacred and the worldly

  12. Major Turning Point • Major turning point: • Sunni Shia split

  13. Sunni Shia Split • Division goes back to after Muhammad died • Disagreement over who should succeed Muhammad • Shia support Ali and say that all caliphs need to be descendants of Muhammad • Sunni believe that new caliphs just need to follow the sunnah

  14. Sunni • Largest group of Muslims • Makes up 85% of all Muslims • Follow approved path of Muhammad • Recognize first four caliphs • Attribute no special religious function to descendants of Muhammad • Dominant in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, and Pakistan

  15. Shia • Makes up 15% of Muslims • Support Ali as first caliph • Says every caliph after Ali needs to be descendant of Muhammad • Recognize only exceptional Islam teachers as Imams • Dominant Muslim group in Iran, Iraq, and parts of Africa

  16. Leaders of Islam • First caliph Abu Bakr • Said there was no distinction between Zakat and Salat • Collected and wrote down the verses of the Quran • Died August 23, 634 A.D. • Was buried next to Muhammad

  17. Leaders of Islam • Second caliph Umar • At first was not Islamic, he beat his sister when he found out she was Islamic • Changed to Islam after reading the Quran • Would walk around Medina to see if anyone had problems • Prayed at a normal mosque, hard to distinguish him from commoners • Died in 24 A.H

  18. Leaders of Islam • Third caliph Uthman • Was friends with Abu Bakr, who brought him to Islam • Fasted every second of third day • Completed the Quran, and made many copies • Was killed by Jewish rebels while saying a Quran verse

  19. Leaders of Islam • Fourth caliph Alee • Cousin of Muhammad • Moved the Islamic capital to Iraq • Went hungry while being the leader of Islam • Very generous • Died on 40 A.H. by an assassin with a poisoned sword

  20. Consequences of Caliphs • 3 of the 4 caliphs were assassinated by rebels or people of another religion • Caused Jews and Magians to rebel within the caliphate • Performed a siege on Uthman’s house • Battle between Alee (fourth caliph) and Aaisah(Muhammad’s widow) • Kharijites claimed there should be no leader but Allah, attempted to kill all leaders, only succeeding in killing Alee

  21. Islam Spreads • After Muhammad died, the religion split into Sunni and Shia • When Uthman, the third caliph, got assassinated, it started a civil war • Between Ali and the Kharajites • Ended when Ali was murdered

  22. Islam Spreads • At the end of the 15th century, the Muslim world was different from the beginning • No single state could be identified • No longer a faith identified with one region • Became universal and more multinational

  23. Religion Today • Islamic resurgence in the 1970s • Islamic revolution in Iran • Opposition to the rule of the shah • Ali Shariati, a main opposition to the shah, died in 1978 of mysterious conditions • Wanted a new government like an Islamic Marxism

  24. Religion Today • In 1980s and 1990s, Islamic activist movements changed radically • Political Islam had become an important part of mainstream politics • Threat of Islamic groups in Algeria and Tunisia were that they could get the majority through democratic processes

  25. Religion Today • Current estimates by the Pew Forum are that there are 1.57 billion Muslims in the world • 1.1 million to 7 million of the Muslims live in the United States of America • About 23% of the world follows Islam

  26. Good view of Islam • People who use violence and terror in the name of Islam are hypocrites, criminals, and heretics • Contradict the teachings of Muhammad • Specific prohibition in Islamic law that bans killing by stealth

  27. Bad view of Islam • Islamic terrorists have destroyed cars, buildings, and planes • Muslim terrorists have murdered tens of thousands of men, women, and children • One half of all terrorists are Islamic • Muhammad said “kill any Jew that comes under your power” • Islamic history shows that as Muslims grew in power, their violence changed to outright warfare

  28. Bibliography • "The Crescent Star of Islam." Islam. Web. 5 Nov 2010. <http://www.mrdowling.com/605-islam.html>. • "Islam." LCMS. N.p., 2005. Web. 5 Nov 2010. <http://www.lcms.org/graphics/assets/media/CTCR/Islam%201207.pdf>. • "Muhammad." MidEastWeb (2007): n. pag. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.mideastweb.org/Middle-East-Encyclopedia/muhammad.htm>. • "Learn about Islam." Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.5min.com/Video/Learn-about-Islam-38365933>. • "Al-Quran." Islamic Esources. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.islamicesources.com/main/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=29&Itemid=183 • "Kaaba." Black Stone of Mecca. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.crystalinks.com/blackstone.html>. • "Black Stone." Black Stone of Mecca. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.crystalinks.com/blackstone.html>.

  29. Bibliography • "How We Pray." Salat. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://islaminfoz.blogspot.com/2009/09/salat.html>. • "Shahadah." The Correct Shahadah. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.qurandistribution.com/shahadah.shtml>. • "Zakat." Frequently Asked Questions About Sakat. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://almasshamim.blogspot.com/2010/08/frequently-asked-questions-about-zakat.html>. • "Al Quran Arabic - Urdu Translation." Al-Quran. Web. 8 Nov 2010. <http://www.islamicesources.com/main/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=29&Itemid=183>. • "The Rightly Guided Caliphs." n. pag. Web. 14 Nov 2010. <http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0025.htm#The First Caliph, Abu Bakr (632-634 A.C.)>. • "Abu Bakr." The Holy Quran. Web. 15 Nov 2010. <http://www.kidspast.com/world-history/0182-holy-quran.php>. • Wuthnow, Robert. "Islam." (1998): n. pag. Web. 15 Nov 2010. <http://www.cqpress.com/context/articles/epr_islam.html

  30. Bibliography • "Islam." About Islam (2010): n. pag. Web. 15 Nov 2010. <http://www.religioustolerance.org/islam.htm>. • Bhutto, Benazir. "Views on Islam." October 2002: n. pag. Web. 15 Nov 2010. <http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/politics/pg0066.html • "Muhammad, Islam, and Terrorism." 5 May 2001: n. pag. Web. 15 Nov 2010. <http://muhammadanism.org/Muhammad/Muhammad_Terrorism.htm

More Related