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The People’s Republic of China

The People’s Republic of China. 1949. Karl Marx: German Philosopher. 1800s predicted that the proletariat (industrial working class) would rebel against the ruling class expected results: idea spread through the world new classless society created. China.

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The People’s Republic of China

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  1. The People’s Republic of China 1949

  2. Karl Marx: German Philosopher • 1800s predicted that the proletariat (industrial working class) would rebel against the ruling class • expected results: • idea spread through the world • new classless society created

  3. China Mao Tse Tung applied these ideas to China • poor, landless peasants carried out revolution • created a one-party dictatorship and a totalitarian state: government controls every aspect of citizens’ life (control chaos) • The People’s Republic of China born

  4. GOALS • free China from oppression • foreigners (opposed imperialism) • landlords • corrupt officials • end poverty - live like a peasant • modernize • China as a world power • self-sufficient • obedience and loyalty to Mao

  5. How? • propaganda: the spread of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause (made Mao a hero) • “Little Red Book”: Quotations From Mao (memorized by all)

  6. How? • Destroyed old class system – hoped to end inequality • Land, labor and capital belonged to the state (not individuals)

  7. PROGRAMS • land reform: land taken from lg land owners & redistributed to landless families - wanted to increase food production • collective farms: farmers worked for the state and kept part of the harvest

  8. PROGRAMS • Great Leap Forward: 1958 (modernization) • communes: made of several villages (20,000 people) • each person had a job • guaranteed food, clothing, shelter, and education • built roads, bridges, irrigation systems… • Failed: • work off farms took away from food production • no motivation to work hard • floods and droughts killed millions

  9. PROGRAMS • Cultural Revolution: 1966 • wanted to get rid of critics (“capitalist”) • Red Guards • young ppl • held rallies to support Mao • attacked those not in support of Mao • quoted the “Little Red Book” • abused many from wealthy classes or Nationalist supporters – manual labor, torture, imprisonment, murder • Failed: • created chaos - power struggle among leaders • lost faith in Mao and Communist Party • schools closed – entire generation uneducated • production in factories slowed

  10. A New Leader • 1976: Mao dies • 1978: Deng Xiaoping took control • eased some rules • opened China to foreign investment • reintroduced capitalism • Four Modernizations • increase agricultural production • expand industry • develop science and technology • upgrade defenses

  11. Tiananmen Square • 1989 100,000 pro-democracy protestors gathered in Tiananmen Square • when they wouldn’t leave, gov’t sent in troops and tanks • hundreds killed, many more injured or imprisoned

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