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High Middle Ages

High Middle Ages. 1000-1300. Timeline for European Expansion. 1000-1300: Europe’s population increases 300%; Britain’s increases from 3M to 5M. 1096-1099: Europeans establish crusader states. 1100s: initial formation of Hanseatic League 1100s: Drang nach Osten begins to accelerate

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High Middle Ages

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  1. High Middle Ages 1000-1300

  2. Timeline for European Expansion • 1000-1300: Europe’s population increases 300%; Britain’s increases from 3M to 5M. • 1096-1099: Europeans establish crusader states. • 1100s: initial formation of Hanseatic League • 1100s: Drang nach Osten begins to accelerate • 1135: Geoffrey of Monmouth writes his History • 1140s: Gothic style of architecture develops in France • 1154-1199: Kings of England establish Angevin Empire • 1215: King John signs Magna Carta

  3. What was the main point of Friday’s class? • The Norman Conquest brought England into closer contact with Continental European trends • The Norman Conquest had little impact on English cultural development • I was wondering about that. • I have no idea.

  4. Outlaw Legends 1066-1400 How were they related to the expansion characteristic of the age?

  5. Discuss Keen • If the author disavows some of his original findings, what is the value of this book? • What was “justifiable law breaking?” • What were Keen’s original thoughts about the origins of RH and how did he change that view? • How does that change alter our understanding of the work? • What were the essential features of the outlaw legends?

  6. Keen initially argued that the Robin Hood legend expressed the grievances of… • The Anglo-Saxon elite • The Justices of the Peace • Merchants and burgesses • The peasantry • All of the above

  7. How does Keen characterize his work in his introduction to the second edition? • As the authoritative account of outlaw legends • As a flawed but seminal work • As a comprehensive guide to the culture of the High Middle Ages • As a piece of fiction

  8. Discuss Keen • Why did outlaws become heroes? What did that tendency suggest about the government? • Who were some the historical outlaws of England? • What were they like? • How did they interact with royal government?

  9. Discuss Keen • In what sense was RH a “gentlman bandit?” • What class of society and region of England did he hail from? • How did communities and the crown employ outlaws by the 1300s? • What was the historical context surrounding the writing of Blin’ Harry’s Wallace?

  10. Where did Keen originally think that the Robin Hood ballads originated? • Around peasant campfires • In the great halls of the gentry and lesser nobility • At the courts of the high aristocracy • In the monasteries of the Anglo-Normans

  11. High Middle Ages 1000-1300

  12. Agricultural Patterns throughout Europec. 1300

  13. The Hanseatic League c. 1300

  14. Westminster AbbeyCelebrating the Cult of St. Edward the Confessor

  15. Domesday Book 1086

  16. Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)Henry II (1133-89)Richard I (1157-1199)

  17. The Angevin Empirec. 1160

  18. Chivalry and Literature

  19. Chivalry & Social Practices

  20. The English Peasantry 1000-1400

  21. Improved ProductionMoldboard plow

  22. Draining swamps in East Anglia

  23. Agricultural Patterns throughout Europec. 1300

  24. Draft Horse

  25. October Planting

  26. The November Slaughter

  27. February: Sitting by the Fire

  28. July Harvest

  29. August Grain Threshing

  30. Women used distaffs (often much larger than the ones pictured at left) to create thread from wool • Bridegrooms often gave a distaff as a symbolic present to their wife around the time of marriage • The distaff was a symbol for women throughout Europe

  31. The Miller’s Wife

  32. The Baker and the Butcher

  33. Village Justice

  34. Keen now believes that the Robin Hood ballads provided entertainment in… • The Great Halls of local gentlemen • Peasant campfires • Guildhalls of urban laborers • Cathedral and monasteries of the Church

  35. How did violent historical outlaws, such as the Folvilles and Coterels, attract sympathy & support? • Because people were just warped in the Middle Ages • Because the administration of justice was notoriously corrupt • Because they were as courteous and generous as Robin Hood • Because they exploited Anglo-Saxon grievances against Normans

  36. Where did the Robin Hood legends take place? • Barnesdale • Lincoln • Nottingham • Chester

  37. From which class of society did Robin Hood hail? • The gentry • The merchant class • Urban Proletariat • The Yeomanry

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