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STIRRINGS OF REBELLION

STIRRINGS OF REBELLION. CHAPTER 4, SECTION 1. Ojectives. Summarize colonial resistance to British attempts at Taxation To trace the mounting tension in Massachusetts To describe how fighting broke out at Concord. VOCABULARY. STAMP ACT SAMUEL ADAMS TOWNSHEND ACTS BOSTON MASSACRE

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STIRRINGS OF REBELLION

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  1. STIRRINGS OF REBELLION CHAPTER 4, SECTION 1

  2. Ojectives • Summarize colonial resistance to British attempts at Taxation • To trace the mounting tension in Massachusetts • To describe how fighting broke out at Concord

  3. VOCABULARY • STAMP ACT • SAMUEL ADAMS • TOWNSHEND ACTS • BOSTON MASSACRE • COMMITTEE OF CORRESPONDENCE • BOSTON TEA PARTY • KING GEORGE III • INTOLERABLE ACTS • MARTIAL LAW

  4. TIMELINE • 1765: THE STAMP ACT • 1767: THE TOWNSHEND ACTS • 1770: THE BOSTON MASSACRE • 1773: THE BOSTON TEA PARTY • 1774: THE INTOLERABLE ACTS • APRIL, 1775: “BATTLES” OF… • LEXINGTON • CONCORD

  5. ANGLO-AMERICAN TENSION • BRITISH PROBLEM: • FRENCH & INDIAN WAR = HEAVY DEBT • SO… BRITS. NEED TO PAY OFF DEBT • SOLUTION? MORE TAXES • EXAMPLE? 1765: THE STAMP ACT • THE STAMP ACT: DID WHAT? • ALL PAPER DOCUMENTS HAD TO HAVE A BRITISH GOV’T. SEAL. • LIKE WHAT? • LEGAL DOCUMENTS • NEWSPAPERS • DIPLOMAS • PLAYING CARDS • LICENSES • SO WHAT? STAMP ACT AFFECTED ALL AMERICAN COLONISTS • HOW? ALL COLONISTS HAD TO PAY FOR OFFICIAL SEAL; LOSE $ • PROBLEM? YES – COLONISTS THINK TAX IS UNFAIR

  6. STAMP ACT PROTESTS • AMERICAN COLONISTS BEGIN TO PROTEST THE STAMP ACT • HOW? DIFFERENT WAYS • EXAMPLES? • SAMUEL ADAMS FOUNDS “THE SONS OF LIBERTY” • DEFINE: • COLONIAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS MEET IN NEW YORK CITY TO WRITE OFFICIAL PROTEST OF STAMP ACT • THIS GROUP = THE STAMP ACT CONGRESS • THEIR PROTEST DOCUMENT= THE DECLARATION OFRIGHTS & GRIEVANCES • SAID WHAT? • PARLIAMENT COULDN’T LEGALLY PASS THE STAMP ACT BECAUSE THE COLONISTS WEREN’T REPRESENTED IN PARLIAMENT

  7. SAMUEL ADAMS

  8. THE STAMP ACT, 1765

  9. STAMP ACT PROTESTS (CONT’D.) • EXAMPLES OF PROTEST (CONT’D.): • BOYCOTT ON BRITISH GOODS • WHO? COLONIAL MERCHANTS / TRADERS • WHERE? • NEW YORK • BOSTON • PHILADELPHIA • SO WHAT? • BRITS. DEPENDED ON MERCANTILISM • BRITS. SOLD 40% OF THEIR MANUFACTURED GOODS TO AMERICAN COLONIES • NO TRADE = NO MERCANTILISM = NO ECONOMY • RESULT? MARCH, 1766: BRITS. REPEAL STAMP ACT

  10. THE TOWNSHEND ACTS • BRITS. STILL NEED TO PAY OFF F&I WAR DEBT • NEW IDEA: TAX SOMETHING ELSE • RESULT? 1767: THE TOWNSHEND ACTS • DID WHAT? • TAXED IMPORTS: LEAD, GLASS, PAINT, PAPER • TAX ON TEA • SO WHAT? SAME PROBLEM • COLONISTS THINK TAX IS UNFAIR • WHY? NO COLONIAL REPRESENTATIVES IN PARLIAMENT • “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION” • TENSION KEEPS RISING IN THE COLONIES

  11. RISING TENSIONS • ANGLO-AMERICAN TENSION WORSENS • WHY? BRITISH TAXES • BRITS. STATION MORE TROOPS IN AMERICA • Ex. = 4000 in BOSTON • MARCH 5, 1770: THE BOSTON MASSACRE • WHY? • PROTEST IN BOSTON OVER TAXES • CROWD GATHERS AT BOSTON CUSTOMSHOUSE • CONFRONTATION TURNS VIOLENT, THEN DEADLY • 5 COLONISTS KILLED BY BRIT. SOLDIERS

  12. RISING TENSIONS (CONT’D.) 1772: PARLIAMENT REPEALS THE TOWNSHEND ACTS NEW PROBLEM? SMUGGLING / BLACK MARKET EXPANDS BRITS. ORDER NAVY TO TARGET SMUGG- LERS AMERICANS BECOME MORE ORGANIZED AS PROTEST GROWS HOW? COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE

  13. BOSTON TEA PARTY • WHEN? 1773 • WHERE? BOSTON HARBOR • WHO? THE SONS OF LIBERTY • WHY? • 1773: THE TEA ACT • DEFINE: BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY EXEMPT FROM TAXES COLONIAL MERCHANTS / BUSINESSES HAD TO PAY • WHY? MANY MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT WERE ON THE BOARD OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY • SO WHAT? • COLONIAL MERCHANTS LOSE $ • BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY WILL DOMINATE TEA TRADE • WHAT HAPPENS? • THE BOSTON TEA PARTY • SONS OF LIBERTY, ETC. (DISGUISED AS INDIANS) RAID TEA SHIPS IN BOSTON HARBOR • 15,000 LBS. OF TEA DUMPED INTO HARBOR

  14. THE BOSTON TEA PARTY

  15. SONS OF LIBERTY AT THE BOSTON TEA PARTY

  16. THE INTOLERABLE ACTS • KING GEORGE III = FURIOUS • WHY? BOSTON TEA PARTY • RESULT? • KING URGES PARLIAMENT TO RESPOND • 1774: INTOLERABLE ACTS PASSED • INTOLERABLE ACTS: DID WHAT? • 3 ACTS COMBINED INTO ONE: • BOSTON PORT ACT: BOSTON HARBOR CLOSED • QUEBEC ACT: FRENCH CANADIANS HAVE TAXES REDUCED • QUARTERING ACT: BRIT. SOLDIERS COULD BE HOUSED IN VACANT PRIVATE HOMES / BUILDINGS • ALSO: BOSTON PLACED UNDER MARTIAL LAW

  17. KING GEORGE III

  18. THE 1st CONTINENTAL CONGRESS • WHEN? SEPTEMBER, 1774 • WHERE? PHILADELPHIA • WHO? • 56 COLONIAL GOV’T. REPRESENTATIVES FROM DIFFERENT COLONIES • ORGANIZED BY COMMITTESS OF CORRESPONDENCE • WHY? • TO WRITE AN OUTLINE OF COLONIAL RIGHTS • TO DECIDE IF THE COLONIES HAD THE RIGHT TO USE FORCE AGAINST BRITS. • THEY DECIDED FORCE WOULD BE JUSTIFIED, IF BRITS.BECAME MORE VIOLENT

  19. TENSION GROWS • COLONIALS ACCELERATE MILITARY PLANS • HOW? • MILITIA GROUPS, “MINUTEMEN”, GAIN MEMBERS • MILITIAS STOCKPILE MORE WEAPONS • WHERE? • MOSTLY IN NEW ENGLAND, esp. MASS. • SO WHAT? • APRIL 19, 1775 • GEN. GAGE SENDS 700 TROOPS TO CONCORD • WHY? TO SEIZE WEAPONS • RESPONSE? BOSTONIANS SEND ALARM TO COUNTRYSIDE • WHO? PAUL REVERE, WILLIAM DAWES, SAMUEL PRESCOTT

  20. THE MINUTEMEN

  21. PAUL REVERE

  22. PAUL REVERE’S RIDE

  23. LEXINGTON & CONCORD • WHEN? APRIL 19, 1775 • WHAT? • 2 SKIRMISHES • NOT REAL BATTLES • WHO? MINUTEMEN v. BRITISH • ACTION: • LEXINGTON: 8 COLONIALS KIA • CONCORD: BRIEF SKIRMISH, BRITS. DON’T FIND WEAPONS • RETREAT TO BOSTON TURNS INTO BLOODBATH FOR BRITISH TOOPS • RESULT? • BRITS. FORTIFY BOSTON • COLONIAL “ARMY” SURROUNDS BOSTON • BOSTON UNDER SEIGE

  24. BATTLE OF LEXINGTON

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