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The Scientific Revolution

The Scientific Revolution. Chapter 1.5. What is a revolution?. What do the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Scientific Revolution all have in common? The S cientific Revolution covers some major areas Astronomy Scientific reasoning Earthly happenings Chemistry Human anatomy.

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The Scientific Revolution

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  1. The Scientific Revolution Chapter 1.5

  2. What is a revolution? • What do the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Scientific Revolution all have in common? • The Scientific Revolution covers some major areas • Astronomy • Scientific reasoning • Earthly happenings • Chemistry • Human anatomy

  3. Shift in ideology • In the 1500s and 1600s the Scientific Revolution changed the way Europeans looked at the world. • People began to make conclusions based on experimentation and observation, instead of merely accepting traditional ideas. • Shift to belief in understanding and tangibility

  4. Astronomy • Nicolaus Copernicus • In 1543 he propose the “heliocentric” view • Sun in center, earth orbits • Complete shift from Ptolemaic “geocentric” view • Earth in center, sun orbits • Challenged both traditional and religious thought • Church threatened him with death and he recanted

  5. Nicolaus Copernicus • Copernicus’ model of the solar system: • Sun • Moon • Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars • Jupiter • Saturn *Notice the sun is first and not the Earth

  6. Nicolaus Copernicus • Copernicus came to these conclusions using mathematical formulas. • The Copernican conception of the universe marked the start of modern science science and astronomy • Many scientists of the time also felt that if Ptolemy’s reasoning about the planets was wrong, then the whole system of human knowledge could be wrong.

  7. Johannes Kepler • Using Copernican models, he discovered “Elliptical planetary motion” • This discovery confirmed Copernican heliocentric thought

  8. Galileo Galilei • Developed the telescope • Intimate detail of the moon • Moons of Jupiter • New views challenged traditional thought of scholars • New views challenged religion. Church knew the heavens were above earth and no other possibility existed • He recanted his beliefs and was sentenced to house arrest for the remainder of his life

  9. New worldview indeed!

  10. Who originally came up with heliocentric thought? • A. Galileo Galilei • B. Nicolaus Copernicus • C. Johannes Kepler • D. Tycho Brahe

  11. Scientific Method • State the problem • Collect information • Form a hypothesis • Test the hypothesis • Record & analyze data • State a conclusion • Repeat steps 1 – 6

  12. Scientific Method • Observation and experimentation would tell the truth • A massive shift from religious thought • Looking for provableknowledge Francis Bacon Rene Descartes

  13. Isaac Newton • Explained natural laws—gravity • Linked physics, astronomy, helped develop calculus

  14. Robert Boyle • Extensive work with gasses • Boyle’s Law – effects on gasses with pressure and temperature, etc

  15. Human Anatomy • Study of anatomy, stitches, fighting infection, heart and circulation of blood, microscope improvements to discover cells

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