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The Scientific Revolution

Explore the mid-1500s when scientists questioned traditional beliefs and developed new theories through experimentation, leading to revolutionary models of the universe and the advent of the scientific method. Discover the contributions of Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, and Bacon, and the impact of their discoveries on modern science.

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The Scientific Revolution

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  1. The Scientific Revolution Purple Textbook: Ch.6 Sec.1 Green Textbook: Ch. 1 Sec.5

  2. Main Idea • In the mid-1500s, scientists began to question accepted beliefs and make new theories based on experimentation

  3. Read • The Roots of Modern Science

  4. Geocentrism • People believed that the ______________________________________

  5. Ptolemy • ______________________ Scientist • AD 150 • “Earth is _________________of the universe” • Catholic Church ______________with theory

  6. Read • A Revolutionary Model of the Universe

  7. Copernicus • Polish • __________________ with Ptolemy’s theory • Sun was__________________ofthe universe • Earth _________________ around sun • Earth rotated (spins like a top)

  8. Kepler • Proved Copernicus’ theory • Earth & other planets revolve around sun • Proved planets’ orbit • ____________________ (egg-shaped) • Proved Aristotle __________________!!!

  9. Galileo

  10. Galileo • _________ (Math, Astronomy, Physics) • 1564-1642 • Believed __________________ (sun-centered) • Built a telescope

  11. Galileo’s Discoveries • Moon has ____________ surface • Sun has ____________ & changes shape • Jupiter has 4 __________

  12. He stared at the sun SOOOO long…

  13. Problems with the Church • Scholars & church officials _________ Galileo’s discoveries • Church _____________ Copernicus’ work • can NOT be taught! • can NOT be read!

  14. Galileo’s Solution • Publish a book with both theories • Book: Debate “Geocentrism v. Heliocentrism” • Heliocentrism wins!

  15. Roman Inquisition • Galileo goes on trial (to court) • Forced to “admit” he & Copernicus were wrong (a lie…not true) • Sentenced to ____________________(forever) • He continued his work at home • Gravity (rate of speed)

  16. Experiments at Home • _______________ • Proved ALL objects on Earth fall at the same rate of speed

  17. Read • The Scientific Method

  18. Francis Bacon • England, ________________ • 1620s • Created the ______________________________

  19. Scientific Method • A new way of learning about the _________________________ • Experiment to find truths

  20. Scientific Method: 5 Steps • 1) problem/question • 2)________________(guess/prediction) • 3) _______________ • 4) observation • 5) conclusion

  21. Isaac Newton

  22. Read • Newton Explains the Law of Gravity

  23. p. 378 • Isaac Newton • (country) • (_____-1727)

  24. p.378 • Light Discoveries • 1) _________________ is a mixture of__________________ • 2) a. Objects____ the color they appear b. Objects _____ all other colors c. Proved theory with a ___________

  25. p.378 • Light Discoveries • 1) White sunlight is a mixture of all colors • 2) Objects reflect the color they appear Objects absorb all other colors Proved theory with a prism

  26. p.378 • Newton’s MOST IMPORTANT Discovery • Earth _________________ objects • ______objects have a greater “pull” • Gravity of the ___________ keeps planets traveling in ___________

  27. p.378 • Newton’s MOST IMPORTANT Discovery • Earth attracts objects • Big objects have a greater “pull” • Gravity of the sun keeps planets traveling in orbit

  28. p. 379 • Universal Law of Gravitation • His law about gravity applies to the whole _____________ • Proved that ________ keeps people from flying off the Earth • Started a trend of looking for _______ • Published a book

  29. p. 379 • Universal Law of Gravitation • His law about gravity applies to the whole universe • Proved that gravity keeps people from flying off the Earth • Started a trend of looking for natural laws • Published a book

  30. p.379 • Genius • Newton _____ he was a genius

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