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Digestive System Fundamentals for Health & Well-being

This learning module covers structures involved in digestion, functions of enzymes, glucose, fats, amino acids, essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals. Explore the vital roles they play in the body for optimum health. Discover more about the digestive system's mechanics and nutrients through engaging videos.

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Digestive System Fundamentals for Health & Well-being

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  1. Digestive SystemLearning Targets 6-10 Name the 2 structures that are involved in mechanical digestion. Name & state the functions of digestive enzymes for carbohydrates, proteins & fats. State the functions of glucose, fats & amino acids in the body. Define the terms essential fatty acid, essential amino acid & vitamin. Describe the functions of major vitamins & minerals in the body.

  2. Name the 2 structures that are involved in mechanical digestion. • Mouth • Stomach • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2770258302083245040#docid=-8459757275982651591 • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2770258302083245040# • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2770258302083245040#docid=5501527145575660749 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7xKYNz9AS0

  3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o18UycWRsaA&feature=related

  4. Name & state the functions of digestive enzymes for carbohydrates, proteins & fats. • Salivary amylase acts on starch to produce maltose • Pepsin in stomach’s gastric juices acts on proteinto form peptides • Pancreatic amylase digests starch • Trypsin & chymotrypsin digests protein • Lipase digests fats

  5. State the functions of glucose, fats & amino acids in the body. • Mitochondria use glucose to produce a constant supply of ATP for the cell • Essential fatty acids like Ω6 (linoleic acid) form plasma membranes • Essential amino acids are used to construct proteins such as enzymes to carry out metabolism, & body structures – hair, nails, DNA

  6. Define the terms essential fatty acid, essential amino acid & vitamin. • Essential refers to the fact that our body can’t make them so we must eat foods that contain them

  7. Describe the functions of major vitamins & minerals in the body. • Fat soluble (A,D,E,K) – specialized functions • A synthesis of visual pigments • D helps regulate calcium 7 phosphorus metabolism • E is an antioxidant • K required to form prothrombin (for blood clotting) • Water soluble (C, B complex) – catalysts to speed up specific reactions • Minerals – macronutrients & micronutrients – specific functions table 15.5 p 315

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