World History: Final Exam STUDY GUIDE REVIEW

1. World History: Final ExamSTUDY GUIDE REVIEW FIVE SECTIONS: WW I - INTERWAR ERA - WW II GANDHI - THE COLD WAR - GLOBAL HOT SPOTS TODAY

2. World War I: key terms… • What were the four “main” causes of WW I? • Militarism • Alliances • Imperialism • Nationalism

3. Definitions: • Militarism • Glorification of the military

4. Definitions • Pacifism • Opposition to war

5. Definitions • Nationalism • Strong loyalty to a nation and culture

6. More key terms… • Alliance of France, Britain, and Russia was known as… • Allied Powers

7. More key terms… • Neutrality • Policy of supporting neither side in a war

8. WW I continued… • Ultimatum • A final set of demands • Ex. Austria sent Serbia an ____________.

9. WW I • What method of fighting did armies use on the Western Front? • Trench warfare

10. WW I • What term was used to describe when neither side advanced? • stalemate

11. WW I • What was the name for a German submarine? • U-boat

12. WW I • What is the term for the channeling of a nation’s entire resources into a war effort? • Total War

13. WW I • What is the term for “spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause”? • propaganda

14. WW I • What is the term for “to limit the supply of goods, so that they could supply the military”? • ration

15. WW I: Fill-in-the-blank • Germany paid $30 billion as payment for war damages, or ___________. • Reparations • Wilson’s plan of the ___________ was a group of over 40 countries which hoped to settle problems without war. • League of Nations • By June 1919, the Paris Peace Conference drew up the ______, which blamed Germany for the war. • Treaty of Versailles.

16. Which of the following helped to start WW I? • A. a good economy. • B. the United States. • C. an environmental disaster. • D. an assassination • ANSWER: • D.

17. Overseas colonies were used for: • A. a buffer zone. • B. bargaining chips. • C. moral support. • D. soldiers, workers, and supplies. • Answer: • D.

18. What famous novel describes WW I? • A. April Morning. • B. All Quiet on the Western Front. • C. Red Badge of Courage. • D. Saving Private Ryan. • ANSWER: • B. All Quiet on the Western Front

19. At the end of WW I, Europe faced huge losses including: • A. Human costs (8.5 million dead) • B. Political costs (rising threat of communism) • C. Financial costs (war loans to repay) • D. All of the above. • ANSWER: • D. All of the above!

20. PART II: After the Great War… • Who was known as “the man of steel” – led the U.S.S.R.? • Joseph Stalin • Who was the leader of Germany, the “fuhrer”? • Adolf Hitler • Who was “Il Duce”, the leader of Italy? • Benito Mussolini

21. The Interwar Period: Fill-in-the-blank. • The ________, the Nazi secret police, helped keep order in Germany. • Gestapo. • Hitler believed his German government, or the ________, would rule Europe for a thousand years. • Third Reich. • The democratic Weimar Republic was led by a __________,or prime minister. • chancellor

22. More fill-in-the-blanks… • ________ was a book written by Hitler while in jail – details Nazi goals and ideology. • Mein Kampf. • _________ is the “Night of Broken Glass” – where mobs attacked Jewish communities throughout Germany. • Kristallnacht • ________another word for a detention center for civilians considered “enemies of the state.” • Concentration camp

23. The Interwar Era: Multiple Choice. • What was Stalin’s symbol of his country? • A. steel. • B. horse. • C. tractor. • D. a-bomb. • E. bald eagle • ANSWER • C. tractor

24. What was one result of the Great Purge? • A. increased Stalin’s power. • B. increased Stalin’s popularity. • C. established five-year plans. • D. murdered Lenin. • ANSWER: • A. increased Stalin’s power

25. What was one effect of the Great Depression in Japan? • A. exports increased. • B. unemployment dropped. • C. the ultranationalists gained power. • D. the communists gained power. • ANSWER: • C. ultranationalists gained power

26. What made Manchuria attractive to the Japanese? • A. It had a large Japanese population. • B. It was close to China. • C. It was rich in natural resources. • D. It had a nationalist government. • ANSWER: • C. Rich in natural resources

27. With which countries did Japan ally itself in 1936? • China and India. • Germany and France. • The U.S. and Germany. • Italy and Germany • ANSWER: • Italy and Germany

28. In 1935, Italy invaded the nation of • Germany • Ethiopia • USSR • Egypt • ANSWER • Ethiopia

29. In 1937, Japan invaded Eastern ____ in order to expand its growing imperial empire. • India • USSR • Korea • China • ANSWER: • China

30. In 1938, Germany annexed the nation of _____ while western powers continued to remain uninvolved? • USSR • Czechoslovakia • Austria • Poland • ANSWER • Austria

31. In 1936, Germany, Italy, and Japan formed the ________ Powers. • Axis. • Allied. • Super. • Imperial. • ANSWER: • AXIS

32. World War II • The “Big Three” Allied Powers included Roosevelt, Churchill, and ______________. • A. Hitler. • B. Stalin. • C. Mussolini. • D. Tojo • Answer: • STALIN

33. WW II • Japanese ______________ pilots used suicide missions to attack U.S. ships. • A. kamikaze. • B. fighter. • C. tiger. • D. combat. • Answer: • KAMIKAZE

34. WW II • The bombing of Pearl Harbor took place on ___________________. • A. September 1, 1939. • B. August 7, 1942. • C. December 25, 1942. • D. December 7, 1941. • Answer: • DECEMBER 7, 1941.

35. WW II • On D-Day, Allied soldiers landed at this beach in France. • A. Normandy. • B. Cannes. • C. St. Tropez. • D. Branch. • Answer: • NORMANDY

36. WW II • V-E Day stands for Victory in ___________. • A. England. • B. Ethiopia. • C. Europe. • D. Egypt. • Answer: • EUROPE

37. WW II • U.S. President ________ made the decision to drop the first atomic bombs. • A. Woodrow Wilson. • B. Herbert Hoover. • C. Harry Truman. • D. FDR. • Answer: • HARRY TRUMAN

38. WW II • In August of 1945, two atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and _________. • A. Tokyo. • B. Okinawa. • C. Nagasaki. • D. Iwo Jima. • Answer: • NAGASAKI

39. WW II • During World War II, the Allied powers consisted of the following nations: the U.S., Britain, France, and _________________. • A. Italy. • B. Germany. • C. USSR. • D. Japan • Answer: • USSR

40. Creation of the UN… • The five nations which are permanent members of the UN include the U.S., Russia (former USSR), Britain, France and ______. • A. Italy. • B. Japan. • C. Germany. • D. China. • Answer: • CHINA

41. Mohandas Gandhi: “The Mahatma” • What is the term used to describe “the refusal to buy goods”? • A. Bapu. • B. ahimsa. • C. boycott. • D. Mahatma • Answer: • BOYCOTT

42. Gandhi… • What was the word “Bapu” mean? • A. hero. • B. father. • C. saint. • D. great soul. • Answer: • FATHER

43. Gandhi… • What is the word for the “Hindu belief of non- violence and reverence for all life”? • A. bapu. • B. mahatma • C. boycott • D. ahimsa. • Answer: • ahimsa

44. Gandhi • What is the term for “promoting rebellion against the government”? • A. civil disobedience. • B. Hind Swaraj. • C. sedition. • D. Kasturbai. • Answer: • SEDITION

45. Gandhi… • What is the name of Gandhi’s book which explains his ideas of nonviolent resistance? • A. Walden. • B. All Quiet on the Western Front. • C. Hind Swaraj. • D. Bapu. • Answer • Hind Swaraj

46. Gandhi… • What is the term for refusing to obey unjust laws? • A. civil disobedience. • B. Hind Swaraj. • C. sedition. • D. ahimsa. • Answer: • CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE

47. Gandhi • Gandhi traveled to this country after studying in London and fought discrimination against Indians living there: • A. England. • B. South Africa. • C. Pakistan. • D. USA. • Answer: • SOUTH AFRICA

48. Gandhi Era… • In response to violent uprisings in India, Gandhi would often do this: • A. boycott. • B. spin cloth. • C. eat. • D. fast. • Answer: • FAST

49. Gandhi Era… • Tensions between these two groups in India led to violence and partition. • A. Hindus and Muslims. • B. Jews and Christians. • C. Hindus and Christians. • D. Jews and Muslims. • Answer: • HINDUS AND MUSLIMS

50. The Cold War: Definitions. • Define: NATO • Answer: • The military alliance led by the United States. • Stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.