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The Digestive System

10. The Digestive System. Multimedia Directory. Slide 7 Digestive System Animation Slide 40 Eating Disorders Video Slide 48 Ulcer Video Slide 56 GERD Video Slide 91 Sigmoidoscopy Video. Learning Objectives. Define and spell the word parts used to create terms for the digestive system.

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The Digestive System

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  1. 10 The Digestive System

  2. Multimedia Directory Slide 7 Digestive System Animation Slide 40 Eating Disorders Video Slide 48 Ulcer Video Slide 56 GERD Video Slide 91 Sigmoidoscopy Video

  3. Learning Objectives • Define and spell the word parts used to create terms for the digestive system. • Break down and define common medical terms used for symptoms, diseases, disorders, procedures, treatments, and devices associated with the digestive system.

  4. Learning Objectives (cont.) • Build medical terms from the word parts associated with the digestive system. • Pronounce and spell common medical terms associated with the digestive system.

  5. The Digestive System • Converts food into a form the body can use for energy, growth, and repair. • Is dependent on accessory organs that contribute to digestion by secreting enzymes and other chemicals into the gastrointestinal tract.

  6. Figure 10.1 Organs of the digestive system

  7. Digestive System Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation of the digestive system. Back to Directory

  8. Figure 10.2 The oral cavity

  9. Anatomy and PhysiologyWord Parts • abdomin/o • an/o • append/o, appendic/o • bil/i • cec/o

  10. Word Parts (cont.) • chol/e • choledoch/o • col/o, colon/o • cyst/o • dent/o • duoden/o

  11. Word Parts (cont.) • enter/o • esophag/e, esophag/o • gastr/o • gingiv/o • gloss/o

  12. Word Parts (cont.) • hepat/o • ile/o • jejun/o • lingu/o • or/o

  13. Word Parts (cont.) • pancreat/o • peps/o, pept/o • peritone/o • proct/o • pylor/o

  14. Word Parts (cont.) • rect/o • sial/o • sigm/o • stomat/o

  15. Pathophysiology • The digestive system is under constant risk of infection. • The GI tract normally contains an enormous number of bacteria called digestive flora. • If the flora is allowed to increase in density or spread to other body areas, severe infections can result.

  16. Pathophysiology (cont.) • GI tract organs are also susceptible to inherited defects and the development of tumors. • Head and neck specialist • Gastroenterologist

  17. Pathophysiology (cont.) • Proctologist • Hepatobiliary specialist • Oncologist • Internal medicine

  18. Symptoms and Signs:Word Parts • Prefixes • a- • dia- • dys- • re-

  19. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • bil/i • flux/o • gastr/o • halit/o • hemat/o

  20. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • hepat/o • peps/o, pept/o • phag/o • steat/o

  21. Word Parts (cont.) • Suffixes • -algia • -dynia • -emesis • -emia

  22. Word Parts (cont.) • Suffixes • -ia • -megaly • -osis • -rrhea

  23. Audio Pronunciations • Aphagia • Ascites • Constipation

  24. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Diarrhea • Dyspepsia • Dysphagia dys- = difficult peps/o = digestion -ia = condition of

  25. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Flatus • Flatulence • Gastrodynia

  26. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Halitosis • Hematemesis • Hepatomegaly • Jaundice hemat/o = blood -emesis = vomiting

  27. Figure 10.3 Jaundice.Source: Courtesy of Dr. Thomas F. Sellers and Emory University, Centers for Disease Control Public Health Image Library.

  28. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Nausea • Nausea and vomiting (N&V) • Reflux • Steatorrhea steat/o = fat -rrhea = discharge

  29. Diseases and Disorders:Word Parts • Prefixes • an- • dys- • mal-

  30. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • aden/o • appendic/o • cheil/o • chol/e • cholecyst/o • choledoch/o

  31. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • cirrh/o • col/o • diverticul/o • duoden/o • enter/o • esophag/e, esophag/o

  32. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • gastr/o • gingiv/o • gloss/o • hem/o • hepat/o • lip/o

  33. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • lith/o • orex/o • pancreat/o • parot/o • pept/o • peritone/o

  34. Word Parts (cont.) • Combining forms • polyp/o • proct/o • rect/o • sial/o • volv/o

  35. Word Parts (cont.) • Suffixes • -al • -ectasis • -ia • -iasis • -ic

  36. Word Parts (cont.) • Suffixes • -itis • -malacia • -megaly • -oid • -oma

  37. Word Parts (cont.) • Suffixes • -osis • -pathy • -penia • -ptosis • -sis • -y

  38. Audio Pronunciations • Anorexia nervosa • Appendicitis • Bulimia • Cheilitis • Cheilosis

  39. Figure 10.4 Appendicitis

  40. Eating Disorders Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of eating disorders. Back to Directory

  41. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) cholecyst/o = gallbladder • Cholecystitis • Choledochitis • Cholelithiasis • Choledocholithiasis -itis = inflammation

  42. Cholecystitis with perforationSource: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Charles N. Farmer/CDC

  43. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Cirrhosis • Colitis • Ulcerative colitis

  44. Figure 10.6 Cirrhosis

  45. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Colorectal cancer • Crohn disease

  46. Figure 10.7 Colorectal cancer

  47. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Diverticula • Diverticulosis • Diverticulitis • Duodenal ulcer

  48. Ulcer Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of ulcers. Back to Directory

  49. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Dysentery • Enteritis • Esophagitis • Esophagomalacia • Esophageal cancer

  50. Audio Pronunciations (cont.) • Food-borne illness • Gastrectasis • Gastromegaly gastr/o = stomach -ectasis = expansion, dilation

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