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Technical English: Fewer is better!

Technical English: Fewer is better!. John Morris Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University Computer Science/ Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland. Iolanthe II leaves the Hauraki Gulf under full sail – Auckland-Tauranga Race, 2007. Noun phrases.

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Technical English: Fewer is better!

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  1. Technical English:Fewer is better! John Morris Faculty of Engineering,Mahasarakham University Computer Science/Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland Iolanthe II leaves the Hauraki Gulf under full sail – Auckland-Tauranga Race, 2007

  2. Noun phrases • Prepositions • English has many! • in, by, with, of, from, to, ….. and many more!! • They are used to qualify a noun • Show how two things are related • I measured the voltage with a voltmeter • The thermometer was attached to the engine with super glue • We illuminated the sample with light with wavelength of 870nm

  3. Prepositions • Problems for non-native speakers • Which preposition is the correct one? • by or with? • oforfrom? • Sometimes several are OK • I measured the voltage with a voltmeter • I measured the voltage bya voltmeter • I measured the voltage usinga voltmeter • Note using is not strictly a preposition, but one of the aims of this course is to keep things simple and avoid tricky English grammar, so we’ll skip this ! • A native speaker might prefer one possibility,but, in this case, all are acceptable

  4. Prepositions • Problems for non-native speakers • Sometimes several are OK • The insulator was manufactured of ZnO2 • The insulator was manufactured fromZnO2 • The insulator was manufactured withZnO2 • Again, in this case, all are acceptable but • one is ambiguous and should be avoided • Which one and why?

  5. Prepositions • Problems for non-native speakers • Sometimes several are OK • The insulator was manufactured of ZnO2 • The insulator was manufactured fromZnO2 • The insulator was manufactured withZnO2 • with • … was manufactured with … • would normally tell you which tool or machine or method .. • However, in this case, context .. • with is followed by a material not a tool … • lets us infer the correct meaning

  6. Prepositions • lets us infer the correct meaning However, • Remember that good technical writing does not let readers infer the correct meaning • It is explicit and unambiguous! Luckily, we can often avoid the problem of which preposition .. and save some words at the same time !

  7. Noun phrases • In English technical writing, it’s common to use nouns as adjectives • This saves a lot of space – with no loss in clarity • Change illumination of the dynamic scene • to dynamic scene illumination • Change grey values of the pixels • to pixel grey values

  8. Noun phrases • Change To test the robustness of our algorithm, .. • to .... to test algorithm robustness, .. • or • since the only thing likely to be ‘robust’ is the algorithm which has been discussed in the last 2 pages .. .... to test robustness, .. • Be careful here .. • It’s fine (and desirable) to avoid unnecessary repetition • but • Not if the repetition is necessary to avoid ambiguity!

  9. More examples

  10. Exercise Abstract When the dynamic range of radiance values in a scene exceeds the capabilities of a camera, a single picture can only capture one brightness range of the scene faithfully at a time. We propose a system for creating high dynamic range (HDR) videos that overcomes this limitation. It acquires a number of images under varying exposure settings from dark to bright, each containing new scene radiance information. The camera motion between the images is compensated and they are fused into a single HDR frame. For visualization on regular displays, the video frame is tone mapped to the output range of the display. We introduce algorithms for reduced redundancy acquisition, efficient registration and visualization of HDR video that are fast enough to be used in real-time.

  11. Exercise Abstract When the scene radiance value dynamic range of radiance values in a scene exceeds the camera capabilities of a camera, a single picture can only capture one scene brightness range of the scene faithfully at a time. We propose a system for creating high dynamic range (HDR) video system that overcomes this limitation. It acquires a number of images under dark to bright varying exposure settings from dark to bright, each containing new scene radiance information. The inter-image camera motion between the images is compensated and they are fused into a single HDR frame. For regular display visualization on regular displays, the video frame is tone mapped to the display output range of the display. We introduce real-time reduced redundancy acquisition algorithms for reduced redundancy acquisition, efficient registration and visualization of HDR video algorithmsthat are fast enough to be used in real-time.

  12. Exercise Abstract When the scene radiance value dynamic range exceeds the camera capabilities, a single picture can only faithfullycapture one scene brightness range faithfully at a time. We propose a system for creating high dynamic range (HDR) video system that overcomes this limitation. Our high dynamic range video system overcomes this limitation. It acquires a number of images under dark to bright exposure settings, each containing new scene radiance information. The inter-image camera motion is compensated and theyimages are fused into a single HDR frame. For regular display visualization, the video frame is tone mapped to the display output range. We introduce real-time reduced redundancy acquisition, efficient registration and visualization HDR video algorithms.

  13. Example A recurring problem when capturing videos, e.g. for surveillance purposes, is the scene having a range of brightness values that exceeds the capabilities of the capturing device. An example would be a video camera situated in a bright outside area, directed at the entrance of a building. Because of the potentially big brightness difference, it may not be possible to capture details of the inside of the building and the outside simultaneously using just one shutter speed setting. This results in under- and overexposed pixels in the video footage, impeding the use of pattern recognition algorithms like face recognition and human tracking. See Fig. 1 for an example. A low-cost solution to this problem is temporal exposure bracketing, i.e., using a set of video frames captured in quick sequence at different shutter settings (Debevec and Malik,1997; Guthier et al., 2008). Each frame then captures one facet of the scene’s radiance range. When fused together, a high dynamic range (HDR) video frame is created that reveals details in dark and bright regions simultaneously. Doing exposure bracketing and merging at a sufficiently fast rate results in an HDR video.

  14. Example A recurring video capture problem, e.g. for surveillance, is the scene brightness value range exceeding the capture device capability. An example is a video camera in a bright external area directed at a building entrance. The large brightness difference may prevent capture of internal and external building details simultaneously using just one shutter speed setting. The under- and over-exposed video pixels prevent pattern recognition algorithms like face recognition and human tracking: see Fig. 1. A low-cost solution is temporal exposure bracketing, i.e. using a video frame set captured quickly at different shutter settings (Debevec and Malik,1997; Guthier et al., 2008). Each frame captures one part of the scene radiance range. These frames are fused together and create a high dynamic range (HDR) video that reveals dark and bright region details simultaneously. Exposure bracketing and merging sufficiently quickly results in an HDR video.

  15. Noun phrase? MSU campus, ? department

  16. Rule • When you can form an adjective from a noun, use it! • ‘Secretary’ has an adjective ‘Secretarial’ • ‘Secretary Office’ somehow implies that the office is a secretary • Not that it’s where a secretary’s work is done .. • ‘Secretarial Office’ or ‘Secretary’s Office’ is the place where secretaries work • However • We usually label offices with the title or occupation of the person(s) in them • Sign would read ‘Secretary’ in an English-speaking country • Similarly, personal offices would be labelled • President, Chairman, Director, Lecturers, PhD students, … • ie just by the title or position of the person(s) in them

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