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Chapter 5: Ancient Rome

Chapter 5: Ancient Rome. Section 1. Timeline:. Timeline:. How did Rome’s location help it conquer the rest of Italy?. How did Rome’s location help it conquer the rest of Italy?. Foundation of Rome. Latins lived in region of Latium (Immediately North of Rome) Spoke Latin Greeks

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Chapter 5: Ancient Rome

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  1. Chapter 5: Ancient Rome Section 1

  2. Timeline:

  3. Timeline:

  4. How did Rome’s location help it conquer the rest of Italy?

  5. How did Rome’s location help it conquer the rest of Italy?

  6. Foundation of Rome • Latins • lived in region of Latium (Immediately North of Rome) • Spoke Latin • Greeks • Moved into parts of Sicily and southern Italy • Influenced Rome in art, architecture and their alphabet • Etruscans • Lived in Etruria (North of Rome) • Conquered the city around 650 B.C.E. • Influenced Roman lifestyle

  7. Roman Republic • Overthrow of Etruscans • In 509 B.C.E Romans defeat Etruscan Kings • Establish a Republic • Expansion • In 338 B.C.E. the Romans defeat Latium • 50 year war with Apennines for Central Italy • In 264 B.C.E. the Romans defeat Greek territories in south • Defeat remaining Etruscan states to secure most of Italy

  8. Roman Republic • Confederation • Some conquered peoples are given citizenship • Others made into allied states • Reasons for Success • Good diplomats and harsh against rebellions • Strong military and able engineers • Flexible government institutions

  9. Roman Republic • Patricians • Held citizenship and allowed to vote • Wealthy landowners • Ruling class • Senate made up of 300 patricians who ruled for life • Plebeians • Held citizenship and allowed to vote • Middle class and small farmers • Eventually given political voice with council of Plebs

  10. Roman Republic • Government • Senate made up of 300 patricians who ruled for life • Two consuls chosen to run government • Praetors chosen to oversee civil law • Centuriate Assembly chose Consuls and Praetors • Always had more patricians than plebeians • Twelve Tables was first law code • Law of Nations developed as universal law

  11. Wars with Carthage • First Punic War • 264 -241 B.C.E • Fought with Carthage over control of Sicily • Rome built large fleet • Eventual victory for Rome • Second Punic War • 218 – 201 B.C.E • Rome supported revolt against Carthage in Spain • Hannibal leads successful land attack into Rome • Rome eventually counter attacks in Carthage forcing Hannibal’s retreat

  12. Elephants in the alps.What could go wrong? First Punic War

  13. The Long Way Around First Punic War

  14. Wars with Carthage • Third Punic War • 151 -148 B.C.E • Final war with Carthage • Carthage completely destroyed • Cities burned, people sold into slavery • Other conflicts • Macedonia and Greece are also conquered during this time period

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