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Understanding Sugars in Food and Beverages - Impact on Health

Learn about various sugars in food such as sucrose, polydextrose, and fructose, their effects on health, and the controversies around high fructose corn syrup. Explore the impact of artificial sweeteners like Saccharin and Splenda, and soda's connection to obesity and health risks. Discover the Harvard School of Public Health's findings on soda consumption and its effects on obesity, heart disease, and bone health.

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Understanding Sugars in Food and Beverages - Impact on Health

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  1. Sugar

  2. Sugars in food: AKA • Sucrose/sucralose • Table sugar, raw sugar, turbinado sugar • Granulated cane sugar • Confectioner’s or powdered sugar • Brown sugar • Invert sugar • Maple syrup • Polydextrose • Maltose • Maltodextrin • Molasses • Honey • Date sugar • Corn sweeteners • Corn syrup/HFCS • Fruit sugar (fructose) • Levulose • Fruit juice concentrate • Concentrated fruit juice sweetener • Glucose • dextrose

  3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVsgXPt564Q&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEbRxTOyGf0 • http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/OnCall/story?id=4439943&page=1

  4. High Fructose Corn Syrup • What is it? • Sweetener made from corn • Metabolized in body similar to sugar • FDA: “Generally recognized as safe.” • Still controversial • Does it promote obesity? • Enhances flavor, softens texture & protects freshness

  5. Artificial Sweeteners • The good & the bad. • Not metabolized the same way as sugar • Saves calories • But… • People may end up consuming more • Real sugar packet = 1 teaspoon = 16 calories

  6. Artificial Sweeteners • Saccharin: • AKA: Sweet & Low • One of the first substitutes approved by FDA • Aspartame: • AKA: Nutrasweet or Equal • Approved by FDA in 1981 • Stevia: • South American shrub • Not approved by FDA

  7. Artificial Sweeteners continued • Sucralose: • AKA: Splenda • 600 times sweeter than sugar • Approved by FDA in 1998 • Neotame: • 7,000 times sweeter than sugar • FDA preliminary reports “safe”

  8. Activity • So.. How much sugar is actually in some common products? • Conversion factor: 4 grams = 1 teaspoon

  9. Sodas

  10. “Mountain Dew Mouth” • http://video.google.com/videosearch?hl=en&q=Mountain%20Dew%20Mouth&rlz=1W1HPIA_en&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wv#

  11. Soda & Calories • In General: • 12 oz Pepsi – 150 calories • 32 oz Pepsi – 400 calories • 64 oz Pepsi – 800 calories

  12. Soda & Obesity – connection? • Harvard Study: • Obesity increases significantly with each daily serving of sugar-sweetened soft drink. • Soft drinks currently are the leading source of added sugar in the daily diet. • “It is not uncommon for teenagers to receive 500 to 1000 calories per day from sugar-sweetened drinks.” (David Ludwig, coauthor) • (Gortmaker, S., & Ludwig, D., (2001) Harvard School of Public Health)

  13. Soda & Obesity continued • Overall, it is easy to over-consume calories. • Are diet sodas healthier? • Soda & Heart Disease • Should they be regulated?

  14. Soda & Bones • Girls who are active: • 5x more likely to have bone fractures with soda consumption. • Theory of why: • Phosphoric acid may affect calcium metabolism and bone mass. • (Wyshak, G., (2000), Harvard School of Public Health)

  15. Beverages • Six levels • Water • Tea & Coffee • Low-Fat, Skim Milks & Soy beverages • Noncalorically sweetened beverages • Caloric beverages with some nutrients • Calorically sweetened beverages • (Source: Harvard School of Public Health)

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