1 / 21

Chapter 3

Chapter 3. Content Management. Chapter Objectives. To understand how digital content is represented. To have an appreciation for how transactions are recorded and processed. To understand the role of a database management system (DBMS) in creating and using databases.

tierney-gaughan
Download Presentation

Chapter 3

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 3 Content Management

  2. Chapter Objectives • To understand how digital content is represented. • To have an appreciation for how transactions are recorded and processed. • To understand the role of a database management system (DBMS) in creating and using databases. • To appreciate the different types of DBMSs available and understand the trends in DBMSs. • To appreciate the potential for using data mining tools to derive insights from data stored in databases and data warehouses.

  3. Data Representation • A Byte is typically 8 bits. • A bit is the smallest item information technology can process, normally either a 1 or 0. • A field or data element is the smallest unit of data that has meaning to humans. • Examples include, EmployeeNumber, EmployeeName, Department, and StartDate • Field is normally used to describe the field name. • Data element is used to describe the contents of the field.

  4. Data Representation • A record is a collection of fields that contain information concerning a specific thing or event. • An example of an employee record would include the four previous fields • EmployeeNumber=“10121” • EmployeeName=“Greenwood, Marie-Louise” • Department=“Customer Service” • StartDate=“05/01/2002” • A collection of records is called a file. • Records are usually identified by a key field or Primary key. • A group of related files would be referred to as a database.

  5. File Access • Sequential Access • A specific record is located by starting at the beginning of the file and scanning each record until the desired record is located. • Direct Access • A specific record is located by going directly to correct folder or close to it. • One popular technique is hashing, based on a mathematical algorithm. • The hashing algorithm is applied to the primary key field to generate a storage location on a physical storage device.

  6. File Access • ISAM or indexed sequential access method • In between sequential and direct access • An index is maintained that points to sections of records in the file. • When a specific record is requested, the database software goes to the first record of the section. • Then reads the records in that section sequentially until the correct record is located.

  7. Transaction Processing • A transaction is the record of an event. • Transaction processing involves the use of human procedures and/or computer programs to store, retrieve, and manipulate records of events. • Master File • Transaction – information relevant to the most recent transaction.

  8. Transaction Processing • Master File • Transaction File • File Processing System • Sequential File Organization • Data Redundancy

  9. Data Processing • DBMS– Database Management System • Data Definition Language • Data Dictionary • Data Manipulation Language • Application Generators • Data Administration

  10. Data Capture and Processing • Batch Processing • Transactions are temporarily stored and then processed all at once. • Real Time Processing • Each transaction is processed as it occurs. • OLAP – Online Analytical Processing • Combination of on-line data capture and real-time processing.

  11. Relational Database Model • Relational Database Model • Relations or tables • Two dimensional • Keys • Primary Key • Uniquely identifies each record. • Foreign Key(s) • A primary key is placed in a second table to maintain a relationship.

  12. Retrieving Data • SQL—Structured Query Language • Is a data manipulation language incorporated in the DBMS. • SQL is a set of concise and powerful data management commands • SELECT ORDER.Order.Date, ORDER.OrderTotal FROM ORDER WHERE ORDER.CustomerNumber=10 • SQL can be embedded in a programming language, embedded SQL

  13. Presenting Information • Report Generator, is a group of programs that are designed to facilitate the creation of standard, formatted output that is referred to as a report. • Paper • Computer monitor

  14. DBMS Vendors • IBM • Largest share of DBMSs running on a mainframe. • Oracle • Leader in DBMSs running on servers. • Microsoft

  15. Performance Criteria of DBMSs • Cost • Includes software license fees • Service and maintenance fees • Consulting fees for installation • Compatibility • Ability to support necessary applications without major modification • Capacity • Number of simultaneous users • Volume of transactions

  16. Object Oriented Database Model • Object Oriented Database Management System is based on a model that integrates object-oriented concepts with the data-base system • Object Oriented Databases • CAD – Computer Aided Design • Object Query Language (OQL)

  17. Object-Relational Database Management Systems • Object-Oriented Database Management Systems (ORDBMS) • Traditional RDBMS capabilities • Unique features • Hold multiple values within a single column of a single row.

  18. Data Warehouses • Data Warehouse is a special type of database that is designed to support decision making, rather than transaction processing • OLAP or Online Analytical Processing • Data Mart • Multidimensional Database

  19. Data Mining • Customer Relationship Management • Query and Reporting • Neural Network Tools • Multidimensional Analysis

  20. Distributed Databases • A distributed database is where a database is duplicated allowing users at different locations to access exact replications of the database • Issues with Distributed Databases • Identical Copies • Backups • Security

  21. Technical Note 1: Data Modeling • Data Model • Database Design • Entity Relationship Diagram is a common way to represent a data model • Entity • Relationships • Cardinality • Mandatory/Optional

More Related