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The State

The State. 11. 16. 12. 10. 13. 9. 17. 14. 18. 3. 8. 15. 7. 19. 6. 5. 1. 20. 4. 2. 4 Characteristics Define the State. Sovereignty Territory Population Resources. Sovereignty. What is it? Requires: diplomatic recognition and internal organization

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The State

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  1. The State

  2. 11 16 12 10 13 9 17 14 18 3 8 15 7 19 6 5 1 20 4 2

  3. 4 Characteristics Define the State • Sovereignty • Territory • Population • Resources

  4. Sovereignty • What is it? • Requires: diplomatic recognition and internal organization • Post-WWII- granted, not earned • Huge increase in UN membership • Self-determination result of decolonization

  5. Issues with Sovereignty • Level of development directly affects sovereignty • Quasi-states • Failed states • Microstates • Dependence on foreign assistance

  6. Variances in Sovereignty Quasi-states • Mostly former colonies • Think back to difficulties of colonies • Sovereignty granted, not earned • More prone to civil unrest • Lack sense of patriotism and nationalism • Disputes over resource distribution

  7. Variances in Sovereignty Failed States • Mostly former colonies • Lack an internal functioning government • Can’t ‘quit’ the international system

  8. Issues with Sovereignty Microstates • What makes a state a microstate? • Size • Economy • Resources • Security • Not all microstates are quasi-states, but only few exceptions • Examples of each

  9. Why Belong to the United Nations? Advantages of membership • Sovereignty requires what? • Formal recognition • Without membership = nation • Aid • Security • Collective security

  10. Territory

  11. Territory • Requirements • Antarctica • Must have it to be a state • Palestinians • Disputes • China • Thailand/Cambodia

  12. Territory Western Sahara Seized by Morocco in 1975 after Spain and Mauritania withdrew Polisario Front wants independence for the Sahrawi nation Morocco is only prepared to grant autonomy Polisario fought a guerrilla war against Morocco but a ceasefire has been in place since 1991

  13. Population • Consent/ allegiance of people to state • Must have needs at least minimally met • Such as ? • Nation • Culturally and historically similar • Meaning ? • Feel a communal bond • Through ? • Want recognition • Possible self-governance

  14. Population Issues Problems: • Few states are homogenous • <20% are nation-states • Onestate can contain one or more nations • One nation across multiple states • Africa: 107 nations, only 54 countries • Nation without a state • Problems for where they are

  15. Population Issues: Few States are Homogeneous

  16. Population Issues: One State, Multiple Nations • Ethnic Groups • Pashtun 42% • Tajik 27% • Hazara 9% • Uzbek 9% • Ismaili 4% • Nuristani 4% • Turkmen 3% • Baluchi 2%

  17. Population Issues: One Nation across States • Somalia • Irredentism • Star on flag • British Somaliland • Italian Somaliland • Djibouti • Kenya • Ethiopia

  18. Population Issues: Nation without a State • Nations • Kurds • Spread across 7 • Chechnyas • Stuck in 1 • Basques • Across 2 states • Québecois • Narrowly voted against secession • Others?

  19. Resources • All states have resources • Ability to exploit varies • Issues

  20. States • 4 Qualities Define State • Sovereignty • Territory • Population • Resources • Definition Outdated • Particularly regarding GS states • Not self-sufficient

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