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The State

The State. 11. 16. 12. 10. 13. 9. 17. 14. 18. 3. 8. 15. 7. 19. 6. 5. 1. 20. 4. 2. 4 Characteristics Define the State. Sovereignty Territory Population Resources. Sovereignty. History Pre- WWII, earned Post-WWII, granted Sovereignty Involves

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The State

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  1. The State

  2. 11 16 12 10 13 9 17 14 18 3 8 15 7 19 6 5 1 20 4 2

  3. 4 Characteristics Define the State • Sovereignty • Territory • Population • Resources

  4. Sovereignty History • Pre- WWII, earned • Post-WWII, granted Sovereignty Involves • Diplomatic recognition Highest authority • Legitimate control • Syria • Internal organization • Public support

  5. Types of States • Developed • Quasi-states • Failed states • Microstates

  6. Types of States Developed • All GN ● Industrialized • Institutions ●GDP per capita http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Developed_nation_edit1.svg

  7. Types of States Quasi-states • All GS • Mostly former colonies • Sovereignty granted • Not self-sufficient • More prone to civil unrest • Lack nationalism • Resource disputes • Igbo= 18% population

  8. Variances in Sovereignty Failed States • Mostly former colonies • Lack functioning gov’t • Can’t ‘quit’

  9. Issues with Sovereignty Microstates • What makes a state a microstate? • Size • Economy • Resources • Security • Microstate ≠ Quasi-state • Mix GN/GS countries http://www.bnbguidebook.com/south-pacific.guide

  10. ¾ size The Mall in Washington D.C. UN Membership Advantages of membership • Sovereignty requires what? • Formal recognition • No membership = nation • 1 Exception • Aid • Security • Collective security http://www.maps-of-china.com/china-continent.shtml

  11. Territory

  12. Territory • Requirements • Must have population http://en.rian.ru/infographics/20100127/157693301.html

  13. Territory • Requirements • Must have population • Recognized control http://www.palestineremembered.com/Acre/Maps/Story571.html

  14. Territory • Disputes • Borders http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/china_disputed_territories-2011.png

  15. Territory Western Sahara Seized by Morocco in 1975 after Spain and Mauritania withdrew Polisario Front wants independence for the Sahrawi nation Morocco is only prepared to grant autonomy Polisario fought a guerrilla war against Morocco but a ceasefire has been in place since 1991

  16. Territory • Requirements • Must have population • Must control it to be a state • Disputes • Borders • Resources http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-19264633

  17. Population • Consent to rule • Basic needs • National identity • Culturally and historically similar • Feel a communal bond • Want recognition • Possible self-governance http://www.economist.com/node/21554246

  18. Population Issues Problems: • Few states are homogenous • <20% are nation-states • Majority: One state, 2+ nations • Africa: 107 nations/ 54 states • One nation across multiple states • Nation without a state

  19. Population Issues: Few States are Homogeneous

  20. Population Issues: African Heterogeneity http://www.artheos.org/cgi-bin/get.pl?c0=&c1=&c2=&lang=eng&pg=1&O=2126&P=2015

  21. Population Issues: One State, Multiple Nations • Ethnic Groups • Pashtun 42% • Tajik 27% • Hazara 9% • Uzbek 9% • Ismaili 4% • Nuristani 4% • Turkmen 3% • Baluchi 2%

  22. Population Issues: One Nation across States • Somalia • Irredentism • Star on flag • British Somaliland • Italian Somaliland • Djibouti • Kenya • Ethiopia

  23. Population Issues: Nation without a State • Nations • Kurds • 1 nation, 7 states • Chechnyas • Basques • Québecois • Others?

  24. Resources All states have resources • Type varies • Primary, Manufactured, Service • Ability to exploit varies

  25. Resources

  26. Resources

  27. Resources http://visual.ly/accelerating-african-infrastructure

  28. States: Reevaluated • 4 Qualities Define State • Definition Outdated • GN states: Rely on system norms • GS states: Not self-sufficient

  29. Negotiating Power http://www.economist.com/node/21562272

  30. States & Negotiating Power Negotiating • Power • Perceived, real • Development • Leadership

  31. The State: Recap • Defined • Qualities • Negotiating Power

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