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The Animal Kingdom!

The Animal Kingdom!. What is an Animal???. What do all these things have in common??. What is an animal?. Eukaryotes Multi-cellular Have no cell walls Heterotrophs – that usually ingest (take in) and then digest their food

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The Animal Kingdom!

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  1. The Animal Kingdom!

  2. What is an Animal??? • What do all these things have in common??

  3. What is an animal? • Eukaryotes • Multi-cellular • Have no cell walls • Heterotrophs – that usually ingest (take in) and then digest their food • Usually mobile or have ability to move in at least one stage of their lives • Reproduce sexually and produce an embryo that undergoes stages of development

  4. Phylogenetic tree of the Animal Kingdom

  5. Major divisions among Animal Phyla Characteristics used to classify animals: 1 a) Has nerves, tissues, and 2 or 3 germ layers.............. Go to 2 b) No nerves, no tissues, only 2 germ layers ...Phylum Proifera (Sponges) Nerves = specialized cells used to coordinate movements and sense changes in the environment Germ layer = layers of cells in the embryo that give rise to specific tissues in adults

  6. Major divisions among Animal Phyla • a) Body plan exhibits bilateral symmetry ..... Go to 3 b) Body plan only exhibits radial symmetry ..Phylum Cnidaria (e.g. Corals, jellyfish, sea anemones) Radial symmetry = a body plan that has symmetry around a central axis Bilateral symmetry = a body plan that has symmetry around a midline (only divides along one plane)

  7. Major divisions among Animal Phyla 3 a) Animals with a coelom........................... Go to 5 b) Animals without a coelom........................ Go to 4 Coelom = a fluid-filled body cavity that provides space for the development and suspension of organs and organ systems

  8. Major divisions among Animal Phyla • a) No coelom (acoelomates).......... P. Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) b) Pseudocoelomates........... P. Nematoda (Roundworms)

  9. Major divisions among Animal Phyla 5 a) Protostomes .................................. Go to 6 b) Deuterostomes ............................... Go to 8 Protostome = during embryonic development, the mouth forms before the anus Deuterostome = during embryonic development, the anus forms before the mouth

  10. Major divisions among Animal Phyla 6 a) Segmented body........................... Go to 7 b) Unsegmented body ................ P. Mollusca (e.g. Snails, clams, squid)

  11. Major divisions among Animal Phyla • a) Segmented body, no jointed appendages...P. Annelida (e.g. Earthworms) b) Segmented body, jointed appendages ............. P. Arthropoda (e.g. Insects, spiders, lobsters, centipedes)

  12. Major divisions among Animal Phyla • a) Have Vertebrae ............................ P. Chordata b) No Vertebrae ..........................P. Echinodermata Vertebrate = an animal with a backbone or a notochord Notochord = a flexible, rod-shaped structure found in some chordates; generally gets replaced by vertebrae during embryonic development invertebrate = an animal without a backbone – note: most animals are invertebrates!

  13. TASK Using the chart on pg. 104 and 105 in hand out, create a dichotomous key for chordate classes. Read pg. 97 – 107 Answer Questions: 1, 2, 5, and 11.

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