Acid Base Reactions

1. Acid Base Reactions Nick Guerrero Nick Delinski Jake Seiler Ken Nakai

2. Introduction • The purpose of the following experiments was to collect a wide variety of data using specialized computer-based probes. • We also evaluated the software, Logger Pro, and the hardware, LabPro.

3. The Probes • The Dissolved Oxygen Probe

4. The Probes • The Dissolved Oxygen Probe • Used to measure the oxygen dissolved in a liquid

5. The Probes • The pH Probe

6. The Probes • The pH Probe • Used to measure the pH of a given solution.

7. The Probes • The Temperature Probe

8. The Probes • The Temperature Probe • Used to measure the temperature of a solution.

9. The Probes • The Conductivity Probe

10. The Probes • The Conductivity Probe • Used to measure the ability of a solution to conduct electricity between two electrodes.

11. The Experiment • Using two iBook computers connected to two LabPro hubs, we conducted the four experiments simultaneously. • Each computer recorded data in real-time from two of the probes.

12. The Experiment • We performed the following experiments: • Adding baking soda to Coca-Cola • Adding baking soda to vinegar • Adding aqueous ammonia to lemon juice

13. The Hypothesis - Reaction A • Adding baking soda to Coca-Cola: • pH will increase as the acid from the cola is neutralized. • Temperature will increase as the reaction proceeds. • Dissolved oxygen will decrease as gas is released from the solution. • The solution will begin to conduct more as we add ions to the solution.

14. The Hypothesis - Reaction B • Adding baking soda to vinegar: • pH will increase as the vinegar is neutralized. • Temperature will increase. • Dissolved oxygen will decrease. • The solution will begin to conduct more as we add ions to the solution.

15. The Hypothesis - Reaction C • Adding aqueous ammonia to lemon juice: • pH will increase as the vinegar is neutralized. • Temperature will increase. • Dissolved oxygen will decrease. • The solution will begin to conduct more as we add ions to the solution.

16. The Results • The following data was collected for Reaction A, the baking soda and Coca-cola.

17. The Results • The following data was collected.

18. The Results • The following data was collected.

19. The Results • The following data was collected for Reaction B, the vinegar and baking soda.

20. The Results • The following data was collected for Reaction B, the vinegar and baking soda.

21. The Results

22. The Results • The following results were obtained during Reaction C, the ammonia and lemon juice.

23. The Results • The following results were obtained during Reaction C, the ammonia and lemon juice.

24. The Results

25. The Conclusions - Reaction A • It was apparent during the baking soda and Coca-cola reaction that the temperature decreased, dissolved oxygen decreased, conductivity increased, and pH increased . This was a surprise to us, since we were not aware that the reaction was endothermic.

26. The Conclusions - Reaction B • During the vinegar/baking soda reaction, the temperature decreased, dissolved oxygen decreased, conductivity increased, and pH increased . Again, it was surprising that the reaction lowered the temperature of the solution.

27. The Conclusions - Reaction C • The ammonia/lemon juice reaction yielded even more surprises; the temperature increased, dissolved oxygen increased, conductivity decreased, and pH increased. • The first three probes gave data contrary to our previous two experiments.

28. The Conclusions - Reaction C • We may have not noticed the temperature changes using non-computer based thermometers. • Technology also allowed us to test all four areas at the same time (and in real-time), allowing us to draw guaranteed, factual results. • Money issues!!!!

29. The End Authors: Ken Nakai Nick Guerrero Nick Delinski Jake Seiler