1 / 23

Washington State’s Experience With Evidence-Based Juvenile Justice Programs and Their Effectiveness With Minority Youth

Washington State’s Experience With Evidence-Based Juvenile Justice Programs and Their Effectiveness With Minority Youth. December 4, 2007 Robert Barnoski, Ph.D. (Barney) Retired from Washington State Institute for Public Policy www.wsipp.wa.gov.

sun
Download Presentation

Washington State’s Experience With Evidence-Based Juvenile Justice Programs and Their Effectiveness With Minority Youth

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Washington State’s Experience With Evidence-Based Juvenile Justice Programs and Their Effectiveness With Minority Youth December 4, 2007 Robert Barnoski, Ph.D. (Barney) Retired from Washington State Institute for Public Policy www.wsipp.wa.gov

  2. Washington State Institute for Public Policy Created in 1983 by the state Legislature. Mission: Carry out non-partisan research on projects assigned either by the legislature or the Institute’s Board of Directors. • 8 legislators • 4 higher education provosts or presidents • 4 state agency directors

  3. Presentation Outline • Research that supported the selection of Aggression Replacement Training (ART) and Functional Family Therapy (FFT) • evidence-based programs for Washington State juvenile courts. • – the ethnicity of the participants in the studies. • Washington State Results for ART and FFT. • Washington State Results by Ethnicity.

  4. Definition of Evidence-Based Programs for Juvenile Courts A program having the positive result of reducing recidivism: • in two or more studies with a rigorous research design • which compare the outcomes for a group of youth who received the program • to the outcomes for a group of similar youth who did not receive the program.

  5. Aggression Replacement Training($700 per youth) • Group training of 12 youth by two instructors. • Classes meet for one hour three times per week for 10 weeks: • Aggression cycle • Skill development • Moral reasoning • Training, not therapy, that uses guided group discussion, modeling, role play, and homework.

  6. Functional Family Therapy($2,100 per youth) • Blueprint Program: University of Colorado’s Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence. • Structured family-based intervention to enhance protective and reduce risk factors in the family. • FFT is a three-phase program: • Motivate family toward change • Teach family how to change a specific critical problem • Help family generalize their problem-solving skills. • Trained therapists have caseloads of 10 to 12 families. • Involves about 12 visits during a 90-day period.

  7. Ethnicity of Participants in ART Research Studies 1995 Goldstein & Glick, Annsville Youth Center, NY – 50% African American: 40% European American 1995 Goldstein & Glick, MacCormac Secure Center, NY – 60% African American, 36% Hispanic American 1995 Gibbs, Ohio – 32% African American 67% European American 2004 Barnoski, Washington – 11% African American, 4% Native American, 3% Asian American, and 82% European American

  8. Ethnicity of Participants in FFT Studies 1973 Alexander and Parsons, Salt Lake City Utah – ethnicity of participants not reported, presumably predominately European American youth. • Klein, et. al., Salt Lake City Utah – ethnicity of participants not reported, presumably predominately European American youth. 1985 Barton, North Carolina – 35% non-European American, 65% European American. • Gordon, Ohio – 100% European American, and second study predominantly European American. 1998 Hannson, Sweden – predominantly European. 2004 Barnoski, Washington – 13% African American, 4% Native American, 5% Asian American, and 78% European American.

  9. In addition to knowing the ethnicity of the youth in these studies… • how would matching provider and client by ethnicity influence effectiveness? • There is one study involving MultiSystemic Therapy (MST).

  10. Effect of Therapist Ethnicity on MultiSystemic Therapy Outcomes1 Youth, whose therapist’s ethnicity was the same as the family’s, demonstrated: • greater decreases in symptoms, • longer times in treatment, and • increased likelihood of successful completion, compared with youth having therapists of different ethnicity. The effect was equivalent across ethnic groups. 1 Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2005. Vol. 73, No. 5. 808-818

  11. However, the study did not deliberately match the ethnicity of the therapist to that of the family. • 1,711 families • 405 therapists • Families assigned to next available therapist 64% European – 86% matched 19% African Am. – 29% matched 6% Asian – 36% matched 5% Latino – 10% matched Could be a stronger design if match is random and more deliberate - closer to 50%.

  12. Washington State's Results for ART and FFT Outcome Evaluation of Washington State's Evidence-Based Programs for Juvenile Offenders, January 2004. Washington State Institute for Public Policy, Report #04-01-1201.

  13. Evaluation Design • Youth’s eligibility for program is based on risk assessment • Level of risk for re-offending • Profile of risk factors • A “rigorous” test • Not enough funding for everyone, so “Waiting List” youth assigned to a control group by court staff • Includes completers and non-completers

  14. Control (N=525) Not Adherent (N=203) Adherent (N=501) 50% 49% 45% 27% 25% 19% 7% 7% 6% Misdemeanor and Felony Recidivism Felony Recidivism Violent Felony Recidivism ART Results: Washington State 18-Month Recidivism Percentage

  15. FFT Results: Washington State Control Group (N=313) 25 Individual Therapists (N=387) 63 Four Therapist Groups 55 47 4 7 43 42 34 33 33 31 28 26 26 23 23 22 20 18 18 17 17 17 17 14 14 14 12 11 8 0 C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 M 8 9 10 11 12 13 M 14 15 16 17 18 M 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 M Not Adherent Borderline Adherent Highly Adherent 18-Month Unadjusted Felony Recidivism Percentage Washington State Institute for Public Policy

  16. Clear Lessons… • The key to reducing recidivism with evidence-based programs is delivering the service according to the model. • The key to on-going good outcomes is an infrastructure to maintain model-adherent program delivery.

  17. Washington State's 2004 Results by Ethnicity

  18. ART Study Sample Sizes1 1 The ethnicity of 41 youth was unknown.

  19. ART and Ethnicity 18-Month Felony Recidivism Comparison 40% Not Adherent 36% Adherent 35% 35% 33% 35% 32% 29% 30% 27% 26% 25% 25% 25% 25% 24% 24% 25% 18-Month Unadjusted Felony Recidivism Percentage 20% 20% 15% 128 10% 66 49 6 11 80 38 423 45 30 398 89 28 12 16 5% 0% European American Non-European American African American Native American Asian American

  20. FFT Study Sample Sizes

  21. FFT and Ethnicity 18-Month Felony Recidivism Comparison Not Adherent 50% 47% 46% Adherent 45% 40% 40% 36% 36% 33% 33% 35% 32% 30% 18-Month Unadjusted Felony Recidivism Percentage 25% 25% 25% 21% 18% 20% 14% 14% 11 15% 146 33 51 7 10% 15 58 38 30 24 13 7 7 248 136 5% 0% 0% European American Non-European American African American Native American Asian American

  22. Summary of Evidence to Date • Both European and non-European American youth can benefit from FFT and ART if service delivery adheres to the program model. • There is some evidence that matching the ethnicity of the provider to the family may increase program effectiveness.

  23. The End

More Related