Conditional Sentences

1. Conditional Sentences “If grandma had wheels she’d be a bicycle.”

2. Conditional sentences • Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. • They are used to express that the action in the main clause(without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled.

3. Conditional Sentences • There are two kinds of conditional sentences: real and unreal. • Real Conditional describes real-life situations. • Unreal Conditional describes unreal, imaginary situations. • However there are three types of Conditional Sentences.

4. What do these sentences tell us about reality? • If you work hard, you’ll succeed. • If you worked hard, you would succeed. • If you had worked hard, you would have succeeded.

5. 1st Conditional A touch of reality…

6. If-clauseMain clause Present simple will If I see him, I will givehim the book. If I don’t see him, I will phonehim in the evening. The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO NOT use a comma. I will phone him in the evening if I don’t see him.

7. Use of Conditional type 1 • Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future. • An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. • We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen

8. Finish the following sentences… • If I go away on holiday this year… • If I lose all my money… • If we get too much homework… • If my friend gets into trouble.. • If we finish early today… • I’ll eat my hat if… • This school will have to close if… • We will all be very happy if… • I will be rather disappointed if… • Will you help me if…

9. UNLESS

10. UNLESS • Unless = If … not • If you don’t run, you’ll miss the bus. • Unless you run, you’ll miss the bus.

11. 2nd Conditional There’s still hope…

12. If-clauseMain clause Past simplewould If I won the lottery, I would buya house. If I had a car, I wouldn’t walkto school. The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO NOT use a comma. I would read more if I didn’t watch so much TV.

13. Use of Conditional type 2 • Conditional Type 2 is an unreal conditional. • The Unreal Conditional is used to talk about improbable conditions or impossible situations.

14. Conditional sentence True Fact 1 True Fact 2 If John had money, he would buy a Ferrari. John doesn’t have money, He will not buy a Ferrari John buys an ordinary car. Please take a look at the example carefully…

15. Conditional sentence True Fact 1 True Fact 2 If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. I don’t find her address, I will not send her an invitation It’s difficult to find her address Please take a look at the example carefully…

16. Were instead of was • In Conditional Sentence Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –. • We don’t use was in Conditional Sentence Type II If I were you, I would tell her.

17. Finish the following sentences… • If people had eyes in the backs of their heads… • If cars didn’t exist.. • I would not tell him… • If I were rich… • If my best friend won the lottery… • We would kill a dog… • If we couldn’t speak English… • We wouldn’t go to Paris… • I would give you all my clothes… • If schools didn’t exist…

18. The 3rd (unreal) Conditional The land of regrets…

19. If-clauseMain clause Past Perfectwould have + past participle If I had seen you, I would have saidhello. If you had told me the truth, I would have forgivenyou. The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO NOT use a comma. I would have forgiven you if you had told me the truth.

20. Use of Conditional type 3 • Conditional Type 3 is an unreal past conditional. • The Unreal Conditional is used to speculate about imaginary situations or to regret past events.

21. What have you not done? • went to bed early last night? • dyed your hair pink? • travelled to Africa? • joined the army?

22. Say… • 4 things you haven’t done (that you wish you had) • 4 things you’ve done (that you wish you hadn’t)

23. Conditional Sentences Exercises Student’s Book

24. Page 73 – exercise 1 • If she goes by plane, she will arrive early. • If he was/were a respectful person, he wouldn’t behave like that. • If she travels by car, the journey will lastfor…

25. Page 73 – exercise 1 • If he pays for anything... • If they met in L.A., she would visit... • Hurry up if you wantto catch the train.

26. Page 73 – Exercise 2 • … she wouldn’t know her mark. • … she would do something about it. • … she would find a good job. • … he would accept it. • … she will win. • … would go out more.

27. Page 73 – Exercise 2 • … someone will talk to her. • … you’d be careful about the information you gave. • … you won’t trust him/her ever again. • … they would learn more. • … her pen pal, she would be very happy. • … they would visit him / her.

28. Page 73 – exercise 3 • Unless she trains hard, she won’t succeed. • Unless she phones to say she has changed the plans, he will be…. • Unless he persuades her, she won’t… • Unless you play fewer computer games, you won’t have…

29. Page 83 – exercise 5 - 1 • If you go to this college, you will learn a lot… • If they paid in advance, they would have a bonus. • If she takes part in this exchange project, she will meetnew people.

30. Page 83 – exercise 5 - 1 • If they facilitated the task, they would avoidproblems. • If he programmes the activities, there will betime for everything. • If teachers accompanythe students, ...

31. Page 83 – exercise 5 - 2 • … you will get there earlier. • … they would learn faster. • … someone will find out. • … you will ask for help. • … would be able to speak it. • … she will have to postpone the test.

32. Page 154 – exercise 1 • If Jimmy hadn’t watched so much TV, … • … if he had spent his time… • … I wouldn’t have missed my favourite… • If you had told her in advance… • If the bus drivers hadn’t gone on … • … you wouldn’t have got fat.

33. Page 154 – exercise 2 • If my teacher hadn’t given me a lot of homework, I would have gone to the football match with my father. • I would have bought that T-shirt if I hadn’t spent all my money on DVDs.

34. Page 154 – exercise 2 • We would have moved last Summer if I had not been tired. • If I hadn’t felt ill during the exam, I would have finished it. • She wouldn’t have damaged the DVD player if she had read the instructions.

35. Conditional Sentences Exercises Workbook

36. Page 21 – exercise L (1) • … you won’t have money to buy a … • … they would be surprised. • If she readsthis tale,… • If you catch the wrong bus, … • If he touches that plate, …

37. Page 21 – exercise L (1) • … they will have a comfortable journey. • … I would buy a bigger flat. • … it will takeus about … • … the plane would land at London Airport.

38. Page 21 – exercise L (2) • … you would improve your English. • … they will spend a lot of money. • … she will havean individual room. • … they would get to know their habits. • … someone will help whenever you need it. • … you won’t have any money left!

39. Page 21 – exercise M (1) • … you hurry up. • … they get a subsidy. • Unless she arrives now, I’ll … • … it snows. • … my father had helped me. • … unless you go with me.

40. Page 47 – exercise D (1) • … we would have visited the island. • … she would have moved to New Jersey. • … he would have caused an accident. • … she would have escaped. • … he wouldn’t have been in trouble. • … he would have become upset.

41. Page 47 – exercise D (2) • …she wouldn’t have heard the verdict. • … they would have got better places. • … he wouldn’t have lost the keys. • … she would have been chosen. • … I would have helped you.

42. Conditional sentences Worksheet no. 1

43. Exercise A • If you had studied (study) for the test, you would have passed (pass) it. • If you had asked (ask) me, I would have helped (help) you. • If we had gone (go) to the cinema, we would have seen (see) my friend Jacob. • If you had spoken (speak) English, she would have understood (understand). • If they had listened (listen) to me, we would have been (be) home earlier.

44. Exercise A • I would have written (write) you a postcard if I had had (have) your address. • If I hadn’t broken (not / break) my leg, I would have taken (take part) in the contest. • If it hadn’t started (not/ start) to rain, we would have walked (walk) to the museum. • We would have swum (swim) in the sea if there hadn’t been (not / be) so many sharks there. • If she hadn’t taken (not take) the bus, she wouldn’t have arrived (not / arrive) on time.

45. Exercise B III I • If he had dropped the vase, it would have broken. • If you have to do the washing up, I will help you. • If I had a hammer, I'd hammer in the morning ... (song) • I wouldn't run away if I saw a spider. • We'd have given you a lift if you hadn't had your bike with you. • If you had listened to me, the accident wouldn't have happened. • If we don't get tickets for the concert, we'll stay at home. • They'd go by bus if they didn't have a car. • She'll hear us if you don't stop laughing. • He wouldn't have taken the bread if he hadn't been hungry. II II III III I II I III

46. Exercise C • If I were (be) stronger, I'd help you carry the piano. • If we'd seen you, we would have stopped (stop). • If we meet (meet) him tomorrow, we'll say hello. • He would have repaired the car himself if he had had(have) the tools. • If you drop the vase, it will break(break). II III I III I

47. Exercise C • She would have come to the party if she had not been (not be) on holiday. • I wouldn't go to school by bus if I had(have) a driving license. • If she didn’t see (not see) him every day, she'd be lovesick. • I won’t travel (not travel) to London if I don't get a cheap flight. • We'd be stupid if we told(tell) him about our secret. III II II I II

48. Exercise D • My grandfather can’t see unless he wears glasses. • You are not a responsible citizen unless you pay taxes regularly. • John gets very angry ifAnnie comes home late in the evening. • I wouldn’t have believed if I had not seen myself.

49. Conditional sentences Worksheet no. 2

50. Exercise A • If you buy a new robot, you’ll see its advantages. • If many companies don’t use on-line marketing, it won’t touch a wide range of consumers. OR If many companies didn’t use on-line marketing, it wouldn’t touch a wide range of consumers.