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Signal Words of Present Perfect

Signal Words of Present Perfect. GRAMMAR UNIT 5. already, ever, just, never, yet, for , since. It has just started raining They’ ve already read that book It’s 0:00 and Peter still hasn’t come Juan hasn't proposed to Jenny yet . She has lived here for twenty years.

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Signal Words of Present Perfect

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  1. Signal Words of Present Perfect GRAMMAR UNIT 5 already, ever, just, never, yet, for , since

  2. It hasjuststarted raining • They’vealreadyread that book • It’s 0:00 and Peter stillhasn’tcome • Juan hasn'tproposed to Jenny yet. • She haslived here for twenty years. • I haveworked here since 1990. • Have you everseen an unicorn?No, I’ve never seen one

  3. I HAVE / SHE HAS + just … • For actions that have happened RECENTLY. • Maria hasjustfinished her homework • They havejustcome from the supermarket • It hasjuststarted raining Just goes after the auxiliary have/has and before the past participle I HAVE / SHE HAS + already • We use "already" to express actions that have happened, often earlier than expected , but we don’t know when • I havealreadydone my homework • Blas hasalreadywatched “Transformers” the movie • They’vealreadyread that book TAKE A LOOK AT THE STRUCTURE SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + ALREADY/JUST + PARTICIPLE

  4. I HAVEN’T / SHE HASN’T + PAST PART. + yet… (and QUESTIONS.. ) We use yet for negative sentences and questions. It is used for actions that you think have happened and to express expectations. - Have you eaten at "Friday's" yet? (you can’t believe it)- I haven'tbeen to Europe yet. (But I expect to go there)- Has Matilda been to New York yet?- Have you studied for the test yet?- Juan hasn'tproposed to Jenny yet. TAKE A LOOK AT THE STRUCTURE SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS NOT + PARTICIPLE + YET HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT + PARTICIPLE + YET ?

  5. Still + PRESENT PERFECT It has thesamemeaning as YET butthey are placed at different places in thesentence. STILL is placed before HAVE/HAS I stillhaven‘tvisited London. YET is placed at theend of thesentence I haven‘tvisited London yet. • I’ve been waiting for over an hour and the bus stillhasn’tcome. • You promised to give me that report yesterday and you stillhaven’tfinished it. It is often used with other tenses as well as the present perfect. I’ve still got all those letters you sent me. Are you still working in the bookshop?

  6. affirmative sentences Dad’s justwashed up He finished a few minutes ago Dad’s alreadywashed up It’s done but we don’t know when negative sentences Dad stillhasn’t washed up Dad hasn’t washed up yet The dirty plates are still in the sink questions Has Dad washed up yet? You want to know

  7. Imagine yourmother has askedyouifyouhavemadeyourbed. Youhaveseveralpossibleanswers. Mother‘s question: Have you made your bed yet? • Your answer 1: No, I haven‘t made it yet. I‘m sorry. • Your answer 2: No, I still haven‘t made it. I‘m sorry. • Your answer 3: Yes, I have already made it. Stop bothering me! • Your answer 4: I have just made it. Can‘t you see?

  8. GRAMMAR PRACTICE • http://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/2g7-just-yet-already.php • http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/gr.presper.i.htm • http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/presentperfect/exercise1.swf (Toidentify tenses) • http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/es/grammar-reference/just-yet-still-already

  9. Period of time vs A point in time …this morning …last week …yesterday …I was a child …Wednesday …2 o'clock. …last year …June 8th …I met you …six years …a week …a month …hours …two hours …a few days

  10. PRESENT PERFECT + for • We use for with a period of time: For six years a week a month hours two hours a few days, • I have worked here forfive years. • She has lived here fortwenty years. • We have taught at this school fora long time. • Alice has been married forthree months. • They have been at the hotel fora week.

  11. PRESENT PERFECT + since • Since + a point in time since this morning last week yesterday I was a child Wednesday 2 o'clock. last year June 8th I met you • I have worked here since1990. • She has lived here sinceshe was a child. • We have taught at this school sinceFebruary • Alice has been married sinceMarch 2nd. • They have been at the hotel sincelast Tuesday.

  12. the 70s ten centuries last weekend Ten seconds Christmas Eve   a decade I finished school a couple of days My birthday a long timeI was a boy the last month fifteen years the accident we bought this house a month I met you a millennium August then

  13. Ever It means "at any time." One of its uses is in questions: • Have you ever seen a double rainbow? • Has Jim ever been late for work? • Have Julie and her boyfriend ever had a fight? It means "not at any time." Its main use is in negative statements:  • They've neverarrived late. • She's never fought with her boyfriend. • Bob's never smoked. Never

  14. Summing up

  15. http://www.eslgamesplus.com/already-yet-present-perfect-volley/http://www.eslgamesplus.com/already-yet-present-perfect-volley/ • http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2705 • http://www.grammarbank.com/ever-never-just-already-yet.html • http://www.servator.cat/eva/index_files/Grammar/2ndcycle/4tESO/prsperf2.htm

  16. Past simple vs PresentPerfect Certain time in the past • I phoned Mary 2 minutes ago • I have just phoned Mary. • He went to Canada last summer. • Have you ever been to Canada? / I have been to Canada twice. • I bought a new bike. (just telling what I did in the past.) • I have bought a new bike. (With this sentence I actually want to express that I have a new bike now.) Its’s related with the present Certain event in the past Emphasis on the action Emphasis on the result

  17. Jack grew a beard but now he has shaved it off. • They went out after lunch and they have just come back • I went to bed early last night. • They arrived at the party an hour ago.

  18. Do not use the present perfect if there is no connection with the present (for example, things that happened a long time ago): • The Chinese invented printing. • How many plays did Shakespeare write? Compare these sentences • Shakespeare wrote many plays. • My sister is a writer. She has written many books.

  19. We use the present perfect to give new information or to announce a recent happening: • Ow! I have cut my finger! • The police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.

  20. Present perfect We use the present perfect for a period of time that continues from the past until now. For example, today, this week, since 1985. It hasn’t rained this week. Have you seen Ann recently? Tom lives in London. He has lived there for seven years. I have never played golf. Past simple We use the past simple for a finished time in the past. For example, yesterday, last week, from 1985 to 1991. It didn’t rain last week. Did you see Ann on Sunday? Tom lived in Scotland for ten years. Now he lives in London. I didn’t play golf when I was on holiday last summer. Compare present perfect and past simple:

  21. PAST SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE TIME EXPRESSIONS Already Just Yet Never Ever Howlong…? For Since • TIME EXPRESSIONS • Yesterday • In 2005 • Lastnight • Lastweek • Lastmonth • LastMonday …. • A week/twohours/someyears AGO • When http://www.eslgamesplus.com/present-perfect-vs-past-tenses-rally/ http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/ppvpast1.htm

  22. Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong. • How many plays has Shakespeare written? • Have you read any of Shakespeare’s play? • Aristotle has been a Greek philosopher. • Ow! I’ve cut my finger. It’s bleeding. • My grandparents have got married in London. • Where have you been born? • Mary isn’t at home. She’s gone shopping DID SHAKESPEARE WRITE RIGHT WAS RIGHT GOT WERE YOU BORN RIGHT

  23. Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong. RIGHT • I’ve bought a new car. Do you want to see it? • I’ve bought a new car last week. • Where have you been yesterday evening? • Jenny has left school in 1991. • I’m looking for Mike. Have you seen him? • I’m very hungry. I haven’t eaten anything today. • Diane hasn’t been at work yesterday. • When has this book been published? BOUGHT WERE YOU LEFT RIGHT RIGHT WASN’T WAS THIS BOOK

  24. Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple. GOT WAS • When I _____________ (get) home last night, I ______________ (be) very tired and I ______________ (go) straight to bed. • Your car looks very clean. _________________ (you/wash) it? • George ______________ (not/be) very well last week. • Mr Clark ______________ (work) in this bank for 15 years. • Molly lives in Dublin. She ______________ (live) there for all her life. • ‘______________ (you/go) to the cinema last night?’ ‘Yes, but it ______________ (be) a mistake. The film ______________ (be) awful.’ • My grandfather ______________ (die) 30 years ago. I ______________ (not meet) him. • I don’t know Carol’s husband. I ______________ (never/meet/him). WENT HAVE YOU WASHED WASN’T HAS WORKED HAS LIVED DID YOU GO WAS WAS DIED DIDN’T MEET HAVE NEVER MET

  25. http://www.eslgamesplus.com/present-perfect-vs-past-tenses-rally/http://www.eslgamesplus.com/present-perfect-vs-past-tenses-rally/ • http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3365 • http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4426 • http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4769

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