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Present perfect & Present perfect continuous

Present perfect & Present perfect continuous. Present perfect tense. Usage : The present perfect tense puts emphasis on the result Ex: She has written five letters. expresses an action that is still going on. Ex: School has not started yet.

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Present perfect & Present perfect continuous

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  1. Present perfect & Present perfect continuous

  2. Present perfect tense Usage: The present perfect tense puts emphasis on the result Ex: She has written five letters. expresses an action that is still going on. Ex: School has not started yet. expresses an action that stopped recently Ex: She has cooked dinner. expresses a finished action that has an influence on the present Ex: I have lost my key. expresses an action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking Ex: I have never been to Australia.

  3. The Present Perfect TenseConnecting past and present We use this tense to show a connection between past and present situations.

  4. The Present Perfect Tense • Like a bridge between the past and the present. Present Past It is 2009. I arrived in Seattle in 2000. I have lived in Seattle for nine years. I have lived in Seattle since 2000. Present Perfect

  5. I have studied English since I came to the U.S. 2000 this morning yesterday

  6. To form the present perfect: HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Question Statement Negative

  7. Questions They havestudied English since 2000. Have they studied English since 2000? Short Answer: Yes, they have. No, they haven’t (=have not).

  8. She has lived in Seattle since last year. • Has she lived in Seattle since last year? • Yes, she has. • No, she hasn’t.

  9. How long have you owned this car? • I have owned this car since 2002. • I have owned this carfor two years.

  10. The adverbs are frequently used in the present perfect: • For: When talking about the length of time (duration), we use the present perfect with for + a period of time. Ex: I have worked here for five years. She has lived here for twenty years. They have been married for six months. • Since: When talking about a starting point, we use the present perfect with since + a point in time. Ex: I have lived here since 1998. They have been married since June. We have been at this school since last year. • adverbs (ever, never, already, yet, still) 'Ever' and 'never' are always placed before the past participle. Ex: Has she ever met someone famous? I have never visited London. I’ve never been so sick. Already, yet and still:It can be placed before the main verb (past participle) or at the end of the sentence.

  11. Present Perfect Tense The autumn has already arrived How do you know?

  12. Present Perfect Tense FORM: have / has + past participle Affirmative:I have seen the film before. She has seen the film before. Interrogative: Have you seen the film before? Has she seen the film before? Negative: They haven’t seen the film before. He hasn’t seen the film before.

  13. Present Perfect Tense Uses of the present perfect 1- Recent events: It is used to describe recent events without a definite time. The idea of time or place in the speaker’s mind makes the event recent. A time expression may emphasize recentness: just, recently, lately Why are they so happy? They have just won a prize so they are really pleased

  14. Present Perfect Tense 2-Personal experiences: It is used to express personal experiences, there is not a definite time given.The time expressions ever and never are very often used with this meaning I have never been to Japan. Have you ever been there?

  15. Present Perfect Tense 3- It is used to express actions that started in the past and continue to the present, the time period is not finished. We use for and since with this meaning. We use for with periods of time and since with points of time. I haven’t eaten since yesterday morning. I am really hungry I haven’t drunk anything for two days. I am terribly thirsty

  16. Contrast between Present Perfect and Past Simple We use definite expressions with the Past simple tense: yesterday, last week, … ago etc, while we don’t use definite time expressions with the Present perfect tense. I have been to France three times When did you go therelast? I went there last Summer

  17. Contrast between Present Perfect and Past Simple • Gerald has bought a new car. He bought it last week. • Have you met Ray? – Yes, I met him when we were students. • My parents have been to India. In fact, they went there twice last year. • Has anybody phoned me? – Yes, Joyce phonedan hour ago. • I’veseen that man before. – Really? Whendid yousee him?

  18. Note the difference • He has been to London.  Now he is here. He can tell you wonderful stories about London. • He has been in London for two weeks.  He is still in London. • Where’s Peter? He has gone to London.  He is in Italy or on his way to London.

  19. Helen/finish /yet/her work Helen hasn’t finished her work yet.

  20. Ali/back/just/from Italy/come Ali has just come back from Italy.

  21. Kamal /a camel/never/ride Kamal has never ridden a camel.

  22. Kevin /just/his house/sell Kevin has just sold his house.

  23. Adam/ in hospital/a week/be Adam has been in hospital for a week.

  24. Akram /homework/do/his/already/math Akram has already done his homework.

  25. Pelin/yet/homework/do/her? Has Pelin done her homework yet?

  26. Selim /already/his milk/drink Selim has already drunk his milk.

  27. Omar /fall asleep/in class/just Omar has just fallen asleep in class.

  28. I/never/a big fish/catch/ I’ve never caught a big fish.

  29. I/not fly /I was 7 years old/a kite I haven’t flown a kite since I was 7 years old.

  30. yet

  31. The train hasn’t arrived in Brisbane yet

  32. already

  33. I’vealready visited Ayers Rock

  34. just

  35. I’vejustseen a very original advertisement

  36. ever

  37. Have you everseen a kangaroo?

  38. How long

  39. How longhave you stayed in Melbourne?

  40. for

  41. Present perfect continuous USAGE: The present perfect continuous tense • puts emphasis on the duration or course of an action (not the result) Example: She has been writing for two hours. • action that is still going on Example: I have been living here since 2001. • finished action that influenced the present Example: I have been working all afternoon.

  42. Form of present perfect continuous: Signal Words of Present Perfect Progressive: all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week

  43. Reminder: Verbs with stative meanings are not used in the progressive. The present perfect, NOT the present perfect continuous, is used with stative verbs to describe the duration of a state that began in the past and continue to the present. Ex: I have known Alice since he was a child. Incorrect: I have been knowing Alice since he was a child.

  44. Present perfect simple vs. Present perfect continuous

  45. Reminder • We can use both the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous to describe an activity that started in the past and continues up to the present and possibly into the future. Ex: They have been studying English for three years. They’ve studied English for three years. • We can use the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous withlatelyandrecently. Ex: I’ve been working hard lately. I’ve done a lot of work lately.

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