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ANCIENT EGYPT

Explore the civilization of ancient Egypt, featuring the significance of the Nile River, mud brick buildings, limestone pyramids, and key historical figures like Ramses II, King Tut, and Cleopatra. Discover the religious beliefs, societal classes, and remarkable inventions of this ancient civilization.

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ANCIENT EGYPT

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  1. ANCIENT EGYPT Walk like an Egyptian www.ancient-egypt-online.com

  2. Egypt Today

  3. Settlements / buildings • mud brick buildings • limestone pyramids Geographical features • Nile River • Flows northward • Delta empties into the Mediterranean Sea • Surrounded by desert • Climate • hot, dry summers with moderate winters

  4. Nile River The Nile River has played an extremely important role in the civilization, life and history of the Egyptian nation: • extremely fertile soil • annual spring floods, • a source of drinking water • source of irrigation for farming • papyrus reeds that could be used for a variety of purposes such as paper and building materials.

  5. Buildings Wood was extremely scarce, almost non-existent in ancient Egypt. The two construction materials that the ancient land of Egypt seemed capable of producing in multitude was sand and papyrus reeds; with some stone quarries. The majority of ancient Egyptian houses were constructed of mud brick. Mud model Stone foundations

  6. Buildings Temples were constructed to house the numerous deities, (gods and goddesses), that were at the center of Egyptian mythology and religion. These beliefs were central to the everyday life of Egyptian citizens. Or else they would not have build structures like these …

  7. Hapshepsut’s Temple

  8. Temple of Thutmose III

  9. Thutmose III

  10. Karnak & Luxor

  11. Pyramids at Giza and the Sphinx

  12. The Great Pyramids at Giza

  13. RAMSES II

  14. Ramses II Ramses II, during his 67 year reign of Egypt, seemed to do everything over the top. He is probably the most prolific of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, siring over 100 children with more than a dozen wives. He is well regarded as the builder of more temples and statues than any of the other ancient Egyptian pharaohs.

  15. RAMSES II

  16. Economic life • agriculture • river trade Important Cities • Memphis • Thebes • Alexandria • Cairo

  17. Science / technology • canals • medicine • mathematics, geometry Writing system • hieroglyphics – pictures stand for words

  18. Famous leaders • Rames II • Tut • Cleopatra Social Classes • pharaoh • land owners, priests, govt officials, generals • merchants, artisans • peasants • slaves

  19. King Tutenkomen Perhaps the most well known of famous Egyptian pharaohs is Tutankhamen, commonly referred to as King Tut. The mysterious death of this boy king has interested the world since his tomb was first discovered in 1922. Only 18 when he died, it is speculated that both is wife and grandfather might have played key roles in the mysterious and probably fatal blow to the back of his head.

  20. Cleopatra Commonly referred to as the last of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs before the nation tumbled into the hands of the Roman Empire, Cleopatra has been the subject of many novels and movies and is often portrayed as extremely beautiful and seductive. While her affair with Mark Anthony has become legendary, Cleopatra's intelligence and political astuteness may be the most interesting pieces of information of all regarding this female pharaoh.

  21. Inventions • Black Ink • First Ox-Drawn Plows • 365 Day Calendar and Leap Year • Paper from papyrus plant • First Triangular Shaped Pyramids • Organized labor • Hieroglyphics as an early system of writing

  22. Religious beliefs • polytheism • pharaohs held god-like powers • afterlife Government / rulers • dynasties • theocracy – gov’t by religious authority

  23. DIETIES

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