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Ancient Egypt. “Egypt is the Gift of the Nile” Herodotus: 400 BC (Greek Historian). The Nile River. The Nile River is the world’s longest running river!. The Nile River. The Nile River runs continually for over 4400 Miles!. The Nile River. The Blue Nile and the
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“Egypt is the Gift of the Nile”Herodotus: 400 BC (Greek Historian)
The Nile River The Nile River is the world’s longest running river!
The Nile River The Nile River runs continually for over 4400 Miles!
The Nile River The Blue Nile and the White Nile are the source rivers of the true Nile. In ancient times the Nile River flowed through Nubia first and then through Egypt! Khartoum White Nile Blue Nile
White Nile The Main source of the White Nile is Victoria Lake. Lake Victoria lies deep in the middle of the African continent along the borders of Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda
Lake Victoria Lake Victoria is the source of the White Nile River
Victoria Falls The largest waterfall in the world! http://zimbabwe.places.co.za/victoria-falls.html?url=vicfalls
Blue Nile Lake Tania The Blue Nile originates at Lake Tania in the Ethiopian Highlands!
Blue Nile Lake Tania – located in the Ethiopian Highlands - is the source of the Blue Nile!
Blue Nile The Blue Nile picks up dark fertile soil along its path. It carries this rich muddy soil to the main trunk of the river!
Khartoum Khartoum: Where the White Nile and the Blue Nile converge!
The Nile River At Khartoum the Blue Nile and the White Nile meet to form the main trunk of the Nile River
Lower Egypt Lower Egypt is located in the northern area of Egypt!
Upper Egypt Upper Egypt is located in the region to the south of Lower Egypt! The terminology "Upper" and "Lower" derives from the flow of the Nile from the highlands of East Africa northwards to sea level and the Mediterranean Sea.
The Nile River The Nile’s current flows from South to North!
The Nile River The “Etesian Winds” of Egypt blow South!
The Nile River Rich Fertile soil stretches approximately 6 miles out from each side of the river bank.
The Nile River After you travel approximately 6 miles from the river you reach mountains and desert!
The Desert If you travel past the nearby mountains you reach the uninhabitable open desert!
The Nile River An overhead view of Egypt at night displays how almost all Egyptian cities and towns are within a few miles of the Nile River!
The Nile River The Nile River flooded every year between June and September – in a season the Egyptians called Akhet: - “The Inundation.”
The Inundation The rich fertile soil left behind after the Nile’s flood was called “Silt!” It was also called “Kemet” which means “Dark Land”
Cataracts There are six cataracts along the Nile River!
Cataracts Cataracts are fast moving white-water rapids!
Cataracts The first cataract separated ancient Egypt from ancient Nubia (Sudan)
Cataracts Between the First and Second cataracts was Lower Nubia! Between the Second and Sixth cataracts was Upper Nubia!
Lower Nubia The land of Lower Nubia (Sudan) was mountainous. It had a relatively low population and had very little fertile ground!
Upper Nubia Upper Nubia (Sudan) possessed much fertile ground. It had more kingdoms – cities – towns - and was highly populated
The Natural Boundaries of Egypt Mediterranean Sea Sahara Desert Eastern Desert Egypt has four natural protecting boundaries. The Sahara Desert to the west. The Eastern Desert to the east. The Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Red Sea
The Sahara Desert The Sahara desert lies to the west of Egypt. It is the world's largest hot desert and covers about 3,500,000 square miles of area within its boundaries.
The Eastern Desert The Eastern Desert lies to the east of Egypt. It was once known as the Eastern Sahara Desert.
The Red Sea The Red Sea covers an area of almost 170,000 miles. For the ancient Egyptians it provided a strong natural barrier from enemy attack.
Mediterranean Sea The Nile River empties into the Mediterranean Sea. The Sea lies to the north of Egypt and served as a powerful obstacle against invasion.
Natural Boundaries:A blessing for ancient Egypt! • Unlike the open areas of Mesopotamia – where wars and conflict were constant – • The natural boundaries of ancient Egypt . . . • The Mediterranean Sea • The Red Sea • The Sahara Desert • The Eastern Desert • . . . provided protective barriers against enemy invasions and attacks. This allowed the Egyptian civilization to prosper and grow without outside interference. Sahara Desert
The Nile Delta The Nile Delta is where the river ends. It branches out into numerous tributaries and streams – emptying into the Mediterranean Sea.
The Nile Delta The Nile Delta is a triangular shaped strip of waterways and fertile marshy soil – Great for Farming!
The Nile Delta The word Delta is derived from the letter D in the Greek Alphabet! = Delta
Notes 400 BC - Greek historian Herodotus wrote, “Egypt is the Gift of the Nile!” The Nile River is the world’s longest running river – 4400 miles. The Blue Nile and the White Nile are the source rivers of the true Nile. The Main source of the White Nile is Victoria Lake. Victoria Falls is the largest waterfall in the world. The Blue Nile originates at Lake Tania in the Ethiopian Highlands. The Blue Nile carries rich fertile soil to the main trunk of the Nile River. The white Nile and the Blue Nile meet at Khartoum to form the main trunk of the Nile. Lower Egypt is located in the northern area of Egypt. Upper Egypt is located in the region to the south of Lower Egypt. The Nile’s current flows from South to North. The “Etesian Winds” of Egypt blow to the South. Rich Fertile soil stretches approximately 6 miles out from each side of the river bank. After you travel approximately 6 miles from the river you reach mountains and desert!
Notes The Nile River flooded every year between June and September. The ancient Egyptians called this flood the “ Inundation.” The rich fertile soil left behind after the Nile’s flood was called “Silt!” It was also called “Kemet” which means “Dark Land” There are six cataracts along the Nile River. Cataracts are fast moving white-water rapids. The first cataract separated ancient Egypt from ancient Nubia (Sudan). Between the First and Second cataracts was Lower Nubia! It was mountainous. Between the Second and Sixth cataracts was Upper Nubia! It possessed fertile land. The natural boundaries of ancient Egypt - the Mediterranean Sea - the Red Sea - the Sahara Desert and the Eastern Desert - provided protective barriers against enemy invasions and attacks. The Nile Delta is a triangular shaped strip of waterways that empties into the Mediterranean Sea. It is covered with fertile marshy soil that is great for farming . The word Delta is derived from the letter D in the Greek Alphabet.
Ancient Egyptian Rulers Pharaoh: An ancient Egyptian King! The Pharaoh had Absolute Power! The Pharaoh was a god to the people of ancient Egypt – he was the “Living Horus” (God who ruled the earth) Originally the word pharaoh meant “Royal Palace” or “Great House”
Dynasty A dynasty is a family of rulers! It is generational – passed on from one son to the next oldest son – until a new family and dynasty takes over! Ancient Egypt had 31 dynasties!
Regent A Regent rules for a child king until the child is old enough to rule!
Hatshepsut Hatshepsut was the daughter of the Pharaoh Thutmose I She was the stepsister and wife of the Pharaoh Thutmose II She was also the Stepmother and Regent for the Pharaoh Thutmose III
Queen Hatshepsut Ca. 1479 BC Hatshepsut declared Herself Pharaoh! ( Not allowed for Women )
Queen Hatshepsut Hatshepsut ruled Egypt for almost 22 years while her stepson Thutmose III waited angrily to take power! She refused to yield leadership and ruled with skill and energy.
Queen Hatshepsut She had statues created all over Egypt displaying an image of herself as a Man! . . . with a Beard! Her death in 1458 BC is still a mystery. Did she die of a cancer or was she poisoned? No one knows!
Hatshepsut The temple at Deir el-Bahari Hatshepsut built a complex of mortuary tombs located on the west bank of the Nile, opposite the city of Luxor, Egypt. Mummified remains of Queen Hatshepsut
Thutmose III Stepson of Hatshepsut Became Pharaoh of Egypt in 1458 BC One of ancient Egypt’s Greatest Rulers
Thutmose III Thutmose III was ancient Egypt’s greatest conquering Pharaoh! He conquered Nubia – Phoenicia – Syria - and Mesopotamia!