The Seven Years’ War (a.k.a. The French and Indian War): The War that Made America

1. The Seven Years’ War (a.k.a. The French and Indian War): The War that Made America APUSH - Spiconardi

2. mercantilism • Under mercantilism, the mother country extracts raw materials from her colony, manufactures the materials into goods, and then sells the manufactured good to the colony • How do you allow for economic growth under this mercantilism? • Acquire more land for colonists to live and provide more raw materials, so the new colonists can buy manufactured goods

3. Where do the British go for new land? What problem(s) is this going to present?

4. Start of the War • The Ohio Company

5. Start of the WAR • Fearing British aggression, the French build forts on the border of Pennsylvania • A young George Washington is sent to inspect the construction of the French Fort Duquesne • Washington hastily constructs Fort Necessity and soon orders the first shot of the war • The French would retaliate, ambush Fort Necessity and capture Washington A young George Washington

8. Albany Plan of Union (1754) • Benjamin Franklin devises a plan for a unified colonial government to provide defense during the war. • Both the colonies and British Crown rejected the idea • Franklin on the rejection: “The colonial assemblies and most of the people were narrowly provincial in outlook, mutually jealous, and suspicious of any central taxing authority."

9. British/Colonial Tensions *First two years of the war went against the British. Advantage French and their Indian allies

10. William Pitt • William Pitt becomes the new Prime Minister of Great England in 1757 • Raises money • Increases number of British troops and naval forces • Pitt promises colonial assemblies that they would be reimbursed for their war expenditures • Colonists are happy and tensions eases • British eventually win the war

11. Effects of the War • The Treaty of Paris ends the war in 1763 • France loses almost all of its North American territory • Spain acquires French lands west of the Mississippi and New Orleans • British acquire French Canada and French lands east of the Mississippi

12. Effects of the War British Colonists Sense of unity against a common enemy Colonists had a collective identity (bonds of war) Proud to be British Sense of liberty Defeat of Catholic France was a blow for “Protestant freedom” over “popish slavery” • National debt jumps from £75 million to £133 million • Who’s going to pay? • Britain gained additional land for mercantilist goals • Increased British disdain for colonists • Britain tightens hold over colonies

13. Effects of the War • But this sense of nationalism would not last.