Grade 5 Science Vocabulary EOG Study Guide Updated 5.9.11 NValentine

1. Earth & Its Resources Part I Grade 5Science VocabularyEOG Study Guide Updated 5.9.11 NValentine http://www.freakingnews.com/SAVE-THE-EARTH-Pics-47948.asp

2. faults • Cracks in the earth’s crust are called ___. geolab.unc.edu lacreekfreak.wordpress.com

3. Seismographs • ____ record motions of the earth’s crust and help to predict earthquakes. onlinegeography.wikispaces.com

4. benchmarks • Surveyors leave ___ that tell the exact elevation of a place. ci.woodburn.or.us tfsandassociates.com

5. geologists • Scientists who study earth are called ___. whenigrowupkids.com

6. crust • The outer layer of the earth is the ___. scienceramiro.blogspot.com

7. mantle • Under the earth’s crust is the ___. crack.seismo.unr.edu

8. core • Below the mantle is the earth’s ___, with liquid and solid parts. sott.net

9. Earth's Layers Author Unknown Edited by:  Heather Carter (The original song can be found at  http://www.dmns.org/NR/rdonlyres/3B87D8E8-5972-485B-A5A6-E147245487E1/587/LoadsofLayers.pdf) Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! The Inner Core is in the middle. The Inner Core is solid rock! The Inner Core is iron and nickel. The Inner Core is very hot! Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! The Outer Core is moving slowly- All around the Inner Core! The Outer Core is molten lava Five thousand degrees or more Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! The Mantle is the thickest layer- Made of thick and flowing rock! The Earth's Crust is the thinnest layer. That's the layer where we walk! Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust- The Earth is made of rocks and dust! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9j1xGaxYzY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiHRI_Z2Kgs&feature=related

10. tension • The force that stretches or pulls apart the crust is ___. • Tension: rock layers being stretched, tends to make rocks thinner and longer schoolworkhelper.net

11. compression • The force that squeezes or pushes the crust together is ___. Rock layers are squeezed inward and tend to make rock layers thicker and shorter.

12. plates • Pieces of Earth’s crust that move along the surface are called ___. freewebs.com

13. Convection currents • ___ ___ are currents caused by warm air rising and cold air sinking. This animated image shows heat rising in convection currents from the outer boundary of the core and cooling at the surface. http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/interior/cooling_history_2.html

14. shear • The force that twists, tears, or pushes one part of the crust past another is ___. purdue.edu

15. Fold mountains • Mountains made of crumpled and folded layers of rock are called ___ ___. ngdir.ir

16. magma • Hot, molten rock deep below Earth’s surface is ___. lyricsdog.eu freedomsphoenix.com

17. lava • When magma comes to the surface, it is called ___. blogs.agu.org

18. Fault-block mountains • Blocks of crust moving along a fault can form ___ ___. earthbox.wikia.com

19. weathering • The breaking down of materials of Earth’s crust into smaller pieces is ___. teachingboxes.org Polygonal jointing and weathering in upper Navajo Sandstone, Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument

20. Erosion Song Lyrics by Ann Dunn and Karyn Crocker, edited by Suzy Galazy Richmond Public Schools: Science Lead Teacher Songbook2003-2004 Tune: "Jingle Bells" Running down a hill Or coming down as snow, Water causes much Erosion, this we know. Wave action moves the beach. A river carves the land. Everywhere that water goes, It Carries dirt or sand. Chorus: Oh, wind and rain, snow and ice, Water running free; These all cause land to erode With changes we can see. Wind and rain, snow and ice, Water running free; These all cause land to erode With changes we can see . Wind blowing in a gale, Or as gentle as a breeze, Wears the rock away, And carries sand with ease. A hurricane last year, And glaciers long ago, Are ways that natural forces use To change the earth we know. (Repeat Chorus) erosion • The picking up and carrying away of pieces of earth and rock is called ___. http://www.teamcarterlces.com/Geological_Features_of_Earth.htm

21. Expand and contract • Changes in temperature can make rocks ___ and ___. • (The hotter it gets, the more the rock EXPANDS. This means the cracks between the rocks become smaller.) Photo: Daniel Greene http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/step-on-a-crack/

22. Wind • ___ can erode rock, and is the force behind the creation of sand dunes.

23. glacier • A moving river of ice that carries rocks and wears away the land is called a ___. http://soapbox.lafayette.edu/node/4187

24. deposition • The dropping off of bits of eroded rock is called ___. ryenats.org.uk

25. basins • Deposition can gradually fill up depressions, or ___ in Earth’s surface. fs.fed.us

26. meteorites • A chunk of rock from space that strikes a surface, such as Earth http://elitechoice.org/2009/07/17/the-hambleton-meteorite-is-rare-up-for-sale/

27. tributaries Small ___ in the hills and mountains flow into larger rivers. ian.umces.edu

28. runoff • Water that runs off Earth’s solid surface is ___. sc6.blogspot.com

29. watershed • An area from which water is drained is called a ___. sanduskyriver.org http://www.growingthenextgeneration.com/agrium-games/WaterShed_Games/index.htm

30. gravity • The force of ___ keeps water flowing downhill. lorenphotos.com

31. sediment • Pieces of material carried by moving water are called ___. ceasethegreasentx.com nps.gov

32. erode • The force of running water with its load of sediment can ___ a stream bed.

33. Meanders • ___ are bends or S-shapes in rivers. geo.wvu.edu scioly.org

34. delta • A fan-shaped deposit of sediment earthasart.gsfc.nasa.gov eltworld.net

35. hydrosphere • The water layer that covers most of the lithosphere sos.noaa.gov

36. atmosphere • Many layers of gases that surround the earth • Layers of the Atmosphere Song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkaY1dvZer4 tecnozono.com

37. Flood plain • An area that forms when eroded material from the outer side of a river is deposited on the inner side content.swgfl.org.uk

38. lithosphere • The __ -sphere is the hard, rocky surface of the earth http://next-new.blogspot.com/2011/04/composition-of-environment.html

39. hydrosphere • Includes fresh water found in lakes, rivers, streams, groundwater, and ice study-geography.blogspot.com

40. atmosphere • The ___ -sphere is made up of 4 major layers astrobob.areavoices.com

41. fertile • Over time, sediments build up in flood plains, creating ___ farmlands. farmriverhoney.com

42. mouth • The place where a river empties into an ocean is called the ___ of the river. elwhabiodiversity.org

43. river valleys • Small channels that are deepened and widened by erosion are called ___. rushmerefarm.co.za

44. canyons • Deep V-shaped valleys are often called ___. babaavenue.blogspot.com

45. water gap • Over time, a river that slowly cuts its way across and down into resistant rock can form a ___ ___. kateskindergarten.com

46. Beaches • ___ form when sediments are deposited on shorelines.

47. landslides • Rapid ___ can be set off by earthquakes, volcanic activity and heavy rains. http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/s9PaX78oubR/Two+Houses+Swept+Landslide

48. contour line • On a topographic map, a ___ ___ connects points of equal height above or below sea level.

49. slope • Contour lines that are closer together indicate a steeper ___.

50. steeper land • What would cause a stream to move faster? http://www.graphicshunt.com/wallpapers/images/steep_waterfall-2571.htm