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The Scientific Revolution and Early Scientists: Shaping the New View of the Universe

Explore the evolution of astronomy, mathematics, and medicine through key figures like Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton. Learn how the Scientific Revolution reshaped our understanding of the cosmos and society. Discover the impact of the Scientific Method and rationalism in propelling scientific inquiry.

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The Scientific Revolution and Early Scientists: Shaping the New View of the Universe

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  1. The Scientific Revolution

  2. Early Scientists • First Sciences that developed were: - mathematics - astronomy - medicine • Theory – explanation of how and why something happened

  3. New View of Universe • Ptolemy – (100 A.D.)- Egyptian astronomer - stated that the sun and its planets moved around the earth in circular paths (believed for 1400 years) ■ Copernicus – Polish mathematician - believed the sun was at the center of the universe -wrote book called : “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres”

  4. Ptolemaic Universe

  5. Copernican Universe

  6. Why did the revolution happen? • In the 1400s, Europe’s scientific knowledge expanded because of: - better maps and charts - new technology - voyages of exploration

  7. Revolution in Astronomy • Galileo – Italian Scientist, believed that new knowledge could come through experiments - Roman Catholic Church condemned -improved telescope-found evidence to support Copernicus views that earth revolved around sun

  8. Sir Isaac Newton • Brought together the ideas of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo to create the law of gravity. • Wrote book called Principia • Law of gravity - the force of gravity Holds entire solar system together

  9. Ideas about Society • Descartes – wrote a book called Discourse on Method , founder of modern rationalism -”I think therefore I am”-how do you know what is true, believed one fact; in his own existence • Rationalism – belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

  10. Francis Bacon • developed Scientific Method • Scientific method- orderly way of collecting and analyzing evidence • Hypothesis- explanation of the facts

  11. Scientific Method • `

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