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Greco-Persian War

Greco-Persian War. Persian Empire, 521-486 B.C. Greco-Persian War: 499–449 BC. Persia too strong, Greeks rebel At first— Grk city-states are weak b/c not united Eventually unite Defeat Persian army after 50 years of fighting Battle of Marathon—1 st major victory

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Greco-Persian War

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  1. Greco-Persian War Persian Empire, 521-486 B.C.

  2. Greco-Persian War: 499–449 BC • Persia too strong, Greeks rebel • At first—Grk city-states are weak b/c not united • Eventually unite • Defeat Persian army after 50 years of fighting • Battle of Marathon—1st major victory • Battles of Thermopylae—Grks outnumbered, 300 Spartans fend off Persians in support of the other Grks • Battle of Salamis—Naval Battle, Persian downfall • Athens emerges as major power in Greek World • Create Delian League (alliance of Grk City-States) • Pericles leads them into a “Golden Age”

  3. Achievements of Greece: The Greek Golden Age

  4. Greek Philosophy • Socrates • Sought truths about big concepts such as truth, justice, and virtue • Education and questioning • Plato • Most famous work is The Republic • What is reality? • Aristotle • Used logic and reason to study natural world. • Ordered thinking, making deductions • Taught Alexander the Great

  5. Art & Architecture • Statues lifelike, active, idealistic • Paintings: on pottery, detailed, red/black, told stories

  6. Art & Architecture • Aim for perfection & symmetry • Parthenon • Dedicated to goddess Athena • Wealth of Athens

  7. Parthenon in Nashville

  8. Temple of Erectheon

  9. Treasury of Delphi

  10. Greek Drama • Tragedies:plays that told stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster. • Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides • Comedies:humorous plays that mocked people or customs. • Aristophanes

  11. History • Herodotus “first historian” or “father of history” • Thucydides showed the need to avoid bias.

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  13. Science: Medicine • Hippocrates & the Hippocratic Oath – all patients must be treated regardless of class

  14. Science: Astronomy • Sun was larger than earth • Determined earth’s true size. • Ptolemy thought the earth was in the center • believed for 14 centuries.

  15. Greek Engineering • Archimedes • Lever • Water Distribution and Pumps • War Machines Give me a lever and a place to stand and I will move the earth.

  16. Greek Mathematics • Euclid—modern geometry • Pi—circumference of circle • Pythagoras • explain world in mathematical terms • Theory about relationships of sides of right triangle (Pythagorean Theorem)

  17. Pericles on Athens’s Democracy

  18. Peloponnesian War: 431-404 BC • Athens v. Sparta • Sparta as military Power, Athens has money • Sparta allies with Persia • Plague breaks out in Athens • Kills 1/3 population • Athens is defeated • Weakens Greece again

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