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Travel to Haiti

Travel to Haiti. Julia Jewett, RN, BScN Carol Lynn Raithby, RN, BScN. Port au Prince, Haiti. Travel Assessment. Destination Detailed Itinerary Accommodations Activities. Malaria. A disease caused by a parasite that is spread by the bite of an infected female mosquito

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Travel to Haiti

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  1. Travel to Haiti Julia Jewett, RN, BScN Carol Lynn Raithby, RN, BScN

  2. Port au Prince, Haiti

  3. Travel Assessment • Destination • Detailed Itinerary • Accommodations • Activities

  4. Malaria • A disease caused by a parasite that is spread by the bite of an infected female mosquito • These mosquitoes bite at night: dusk-dawn • Symptoms from 6 days later to several months • Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, V & D, jaundice

  5. Malaria in Asia

  6. World Health Organization Malaria: Malaria risk due exclusively to P. falciparum exists throughout the year in the whole country. No P. falciparum resistance to chloroquine reported. Recommended prevention: Mosquito bite prevention plus chloroquine prophylaxis or Mosquito bite prevention plus atovaquone–proguanil, doxycycline or mefloquine.

  7. Malaria Prevention Travelers to malaria-endemic areas need to be: • Aware of risk of malaria and understand it is a serious potentially fatal illness • Know how to best prevent it with insect precautions and oral prophylaxis • Seek medical attention urgently should they develop a fever during or after travel

  8. Prevent Mosquito Bites • Insect Repellant with 30% DEET Reapply at least every 4-6 hours • Appropriate clothing – light colors, long pants & sleeves • Screens & Bed Nets • Avoid Scented Products

  9. Dengue • Viral Infection from Aedes Mosquito • More than 100 Million cases annually • Urban & Rural risk in 100 countries • Mosquito Precautions

  10. Routine Immunizations • Tdap • MMR • Influenza

  11. Travel Vaccines for Haiti • Hepatitis A & B • Typhoid • Dukoral • Rabies - for prolonged visits

  12. Hepatitis A • A viral illness that infects your Liver • Symptoms @ least 2 weeks later • Causes fever, fatigue, weight loss, N & V, abdominal pain, jaundice • Spread by fecal-oral route from direct contact or from contaminated food & water • Recommended for all Travelers • 1 dose of vaccine before travel

  13. Hepatitis B • A viral illness that infects your Liver • Spread through exposure to Blood & Body Fluids • Spread through unscreened Blood and contaminated Medical & Dental Equipment

  14. Typhoid • A type of Salmonella bacteria • Acquired through poor sanitation, contaminated food and water supplies, and direct contact with an infectious person • Causes fever, headache, weakness, muscle & joint pain, may have a rash with pink spots • Vaccine - protection develops in 2 weeks and lasts for 2-3 years

  15. “Travel expands the mind…..but loosens the bowels”

  16. Travelers’ Diarrhea • Most common travel-related health problem; affects about 50% • Bacteria are most common cause of TD • E. coli is the most common Bacteria • Viruses and Parasites can also cause TD

  17. Dukoral • Oral, Inactivated Travelers’ Diarrhea and Cholera Vaccine • Provides protection against E. coli(ETEC) & V. cholera • 2 doses of liquid vaccine - 1 week apart

  18. PHAC Cholera in Mexico, Cuba, Dominican Republic and Haiti Updated: September 27, 2013 Travel Health Notice Since the beginning of the cholera epidemic in October 2010, the Dominican Republic and Haiti have reported thousands of cholera cases and related deaths. Cases of cholera decreased in 2013 compared to 2012, although they continue to be reported throughout both countries. There have been increases in the number of cases during seasonal heavy rainfall in the months of May to July and September to October.

  19. Prevention of Travelers’ Diarrhea • “Boil it, Cook it, Peel it, or Forget it!” • Treated Water or Bottled Water • Well-cooked meals, served hot • Pasteurized dairy products • Avoid salads and uncooked foods • Avoid Street Vendors • Careful Brushing Teeth

  20. Prevention of Travelers’ Diarrhea • Hand Washing - Alcohol Hand Sanitizers Managing Travelers’ Diarrhea • Drink lots of fluids to stay hydrated • Medications to slow diarrhea • Prescription – review pharmacy information

  21. Injury and Crime Avoidance • Road Safety • Seat belts • Crime activity • Money/Valuables • Scan & Copy Documents

  22. Other Travel Tips…. • Sun Safety • Medical Kit • Excellent Footwear • Appropriate Clothing • Travel Light

  23. “If you look like your passport picture, you’re too ill to travel.”Author Unknown

  24. Thank-you!!

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