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Revolution and Nationalism

Revolution and Nationalism. The Russian Revolution Nicholas II Russian Czar- -strict control of country -late 1800’s Russia industrializes -people forced to work in factories - people had limited rights under the Czar. Problems in Russia 1. Russia loses the Russo- Japanese War

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Revolution and Nationalism

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  1. Revolution and Nationalism

  2. The Russian Revolution Nicholas II Russian Czar- -strict control of country -late 1800’s Russia industrializes -people forced to work in factories - people had limited rights under the Czar.

  3. Problems in Russia 1. Russia loses the Russo- Japanese War -Shows that Russian lack modernization and industrialization

  4. White Board • What war does Russia enter after this war?

  5. 2. Poverty amongst working class • Rapid growth of (discontented) working class • Vast majority of workers concentrated in St. Petersburg and Moscow • Little help from the countryside: impoverished peasants – • Bloody Sunday 1905 • workers petitioned and demanded rights and food from czar • Czar’s general orders troops to fire on crowd (500-1000 dead)

  6. 3. WWI – Russian people suffer huge losses. - shortage of food, no supplies for soldiers, high prices.

  7. No trust of the Royal Family • Nicholas II and Alexandra committed to autocracy (Discuss What this Means) • Duma(Parliament) had no power • She was under the influence of Rasputin: Spiritual Advisor • Scandals surrounding Rasputin served to discredit the monarchy

  8. The Collapse of the Imperial Government • Nicholas left for the Front—September, 1915 • Alexandra and other high government officials accused of treason • Rasputin assassinated in December of 1916 • DISCUSS THE MEANING OF THE CARTOON

  9. Anger at the leadership and the War • Complete mismanagement of the wartime economy • production plummeted, inflation and starvation were rampant, and the cities were overflowing w/ refugees • There were massive food shortages • (White Board: List one reason there were food shortages and lower production)

  10. The Russian Revolution Begins: The March(Febuary) Revolution 1917 • Riots in Petrograd- women march “Bread! Bread! “ (end WWI) & Factory workers go on Strike • Duma declared itself a Provisional Government on March12 • Czar ordered soldiers to intervene; instead they joined the rebellion

  11. Results of the March Revolution • Czar Returned to Petrograd and had no more power • Czar abdicated on March 17 Placed under House Arrest • Alexander Kerensky headed the Provisional Government Very Popular Revolution • Kerensky favored gradual socialist reform • However he continued the War with Germany

  12. White Board • What major mistake did the Provisional government make?

  13. The Petrograd Soviet Challenge Provisional Government • leftists in St. Petersburg formed the Petrograd Soviet, • which they claimed to be the legit. gov’t • Wanted to End the War • Many of these would work along side Bolsheviks

  14. Kornilov Affair • General Kornilov attempted to overthrow Provisional Government • Kerensky freed many Bolshevik from prison and supplied arms to many revolutionaries

  15. Discuss • Why is using common enemies often a mistake?

  16. Rise OF the Bolsheviks • The Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin- Germans send him back to Russia • supported a revolution of the working class (proletariot) • ideas Karl Marx- “Communist Manifesto” • overthrow of the wealthy class share wealth equally. Classless society.

  17. Vladimir Lenin • “Peace, Land, Bread” • “All Power to the Soviets” • He preached that the war was a capitalist/imperialist/ war that offered no rewards for the peasants/workers; • Bolshevik party membership exploded; their power was consolidated

  18. October Revolution/Bolshevik Revolution 1917 • Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky push the Provisional government out of Power • Lenin’s 1st task was to get Russia out of the war • The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk negotiated with the Germans, giving them much Russian territory

  19. Lenin Takes Full Power • 1918 Council of People’s Commissars was created government (All Bolsheviks) • All private property was abolished and divided among the peasantry • Nationalized large Industries • Secret Police is set up to control(Cheka)

  20. The Royal Family is killed July 17 1918 • Fighting will start again between the Red Army and the White Army Russian Civil War

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