International and Intra-regional trade in the 21 st century – transport issues /

1. International and Intra-regional trade in the 21st century – transport issues/ Borderless Conference • 26/27 February 2014 - Lagos

3. International trade supply chain

4. The Supply Chain Transportation Source: David, P. (2004)

5. The aim of transport and trade facilitation! • Reduce / eliminate barriers to trade • Increase intra-regional and external trade • Reduce the export trade cycle • Enable the importer to receive value more quickly • Increase trading activity and profitability • Promote exports • Establish a predictable and secure supply chain • Multimodal ‘through’ transport documents • Control transport cost • Increased competitiveness

6. Lagos Ports Study – complex issues, not just infrastructure • Terminal operators’ concession agreements • Use & misuse of dry ports / ICDs • Lack of container scanning capacity • Inadequate quality haulage capacity • Lack of intermodal / multimodal investment • Over complex processes and procedures • The regulatory environment • Paper based trade environment • Insufficient stakeholder co-ordination • Confusion of clearance versus release times • Infrastructure including access and road networks

7. The Regional Transport Issues • Transport infrastructure – small ports, road, rail, air • Lack of competition • Inter-modal capabilities and connectivity – containerisation where appropriate • High transport costs – small loads / consolidation • Need for common standards (axle weights, height etc) • Availability and capacity of suitable haulage – chilled units / ventilated units / skeletal units • Security (personnel and cargo) • Availability of appropriate warehousing • Import / export imbalance • Requirement for facilitated corridors • Need for cabotage / return loads

8. Trans african corridors

9. Customs Carrier Freight Forwarder Shipper Cluster Corridor and clusters – single window

10. Transport options!