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Literary Terms

Literary Terms. Figurative language is a tool that an author employs (or uses) to help the reader visualize (or see) what is happening in a story or poem. Simile.

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Literary Terms

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  1. Literary Terms Figurative language is a tool that an author employs (or uses) to help the reader visualize (or see) what is happening in a story or poem.

  2. Simile • Simile: A comparison of two things through the use of “like” or “as.” The title of Robert Burns’s poem “My Love Is Like a Red, Red Rose” is a simile.

  3. Metaphor • Metaphor: The comparison of one thing to another that does not use the terms “like” or “as.” Shakespeare is famous for his metaphors, as in Macbeth: “Life is but a walking shadow, a poor player / That struts and frets his hour upon the stage.” • Mixed metaphor: A combination of metaphors that produces a confused or contradictory image, such as “The company’s collapse left mountains of debt in its wake.”

  4. Personification • Personification: The use of human characteristics to describe animals, things, or ideas. Carl Sandburg’s poem “Chicago” describes the city as “Stormy, husky, brawling, / City of the Big Shoulders.”

  5. Symbol v. Emblem • Symbol: An object, character, figure, or color that is used to represent an abstract idea or concept. For example, the two roads in Robert Frost’s poem “The Road Not Taken” symbolize the choice between two paths in life. Unlike an emblem, a symbol may have different meanings in different contexts. • Emblem: A concrete object that represents something abstract. For example, the Star of David is an emblem of Judaism. An emblem differs from a symbol in that an emblem’s meaning is fixed: the Star of David always represents Judaism, regardless of context.

  6. Hyperbole • Hyperbole is a figure of speech which is an exaggeration. Persons often use expressions such as "I nearly died laughing," "I was hopping mad," and "I tried a thousand times." Such statements are not literally true, but people make them to sound impressive or to emphasize something, such as a feeling, effort, or reaction.

  7. Examples of Alliteration • Karl Kessler kept the ketchup in the kitchen. • Floyd Flingle flipped flat flapjacks. • Hattie Henderson hated happy healthy hippos. • Ah, what a delicious day! • “Nature does not spread her volumes or utter her voice in vain.”

  8. ALLITERATION • Repeated first consonant sound

  9. Examples of Onomatopoeia • Someone yelled "Look out!" and I heard a loud screech followed by a grinding, wrenchingcrash. • No one talks in these factories. Everyone is too busy. The only sounds are the snip, snip of scissors and the hum of sewing machines. • If you like the plop, plop, plop of a faucet at three in the morning, you will like this record.

  10. Onomatopoeia • Sound words (moo, oink, buzz, clang) • Similar to imagery, but instead of seeing what you read, the author uses this rhetorical device so you engage your other senses.

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