The Digestive System

1. The Digestive System Walter J. Taylor Resources Dr. Kehoe, UWRF nutrition course Images from: An Illustrated Guide to veterinary Medical Terminology 3rd Edition. Janet AmundsonRomich

2. The Mouth • Secretes Salivary Amylase (ptyalin) • to breakdown starch, carbohydrates, and urea • into produce maltose and dextrins • Secretes mucin • to lubricate food

3. Crop (birds) • Secretes Mucus • To lubricate food

4. Rumen • A chamber compartment of ruminant stomachs that host a viable environment to support microorganism growth • whose enzymes break down • Cellulose into VFAs (volatile fatty acids) • Polysaccharides and starches into microbial protein • Sugars, fats and proteins (urea) into B vitamins and vitamin K

5. Stomach (abomasum in mammals and proventriculus in birds) • Secretes Gastric juices and acids • Enzyme: Pepsin to breakdown proteins • Into proteoses and peptones • Enzyme: Lipase to break down fats • Into fatty acids and glycerol • Secretes Mucus • To lubricate food and coat the stomach wall lining from Chief cells that secrete HCl

6. Gizzard (birds) • Grinds foods into smaller pieces. • Birds consume small rocks that when in the gizzard assist in breaking apart food as the gizzard’s muscles contract

7. Nursing Animals • Secrete gastric juices • Enzyme: rennin to breakdown milk protein (casein) • Into paracasein

8. Duodenum • Secretes pancreatic juices (from the Pancreas) • Trypsin and Chymotrypsin to breakdown proteins, protesoses, peptones, and peptides • Into peptones, peptides, and amino acids • Amylase to breakdown starch and dextrins • Into dextrins and maltose • Lipase to breakdown fats • Into higher fatty acids and glycerol • Carboxypeptidase to breakdown peptides • Into amino acids and peptides • Secretes Bile (from the liver) • To break down fats into an Emulsion of fats

9. Small Intestine • Secretes intestinal juices • Enzyme: Peptidase (erepsin) to breakdown peptides; into amino acids and dipeptides • Enzyme: Sucrase (invertase) to breakdown sucrose; into glucose and fructose • Enzyme: Maltase to breakdown maltose; into glucose • Enzyme: Lactase to breakdown lactose; into glucose and galactose • Enzyme: polynucleotidase to breakdown nucleic acid; into mononucleotides

10. Large Intestine (cecum and colon) • Enzyme: cellulase from microorganisms to breakdown cellulose; into VFA

25. Cat

27. Swine