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DNA is Tightly Packaged into Chromosomes Which Reside in the Nucleus

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DNA is Tightly Packaged into Chromosomes Which Reside in the Nucleus

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    2. DNA is Tightly Packaged into Chromosomes Which Reside in the Nucleus

    3. Model of DNA DNA is Comprised of Four Base Pairs

    4. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

    5. Genes are Composed of Exons and Introns

    6. Introns are Spliced Out of RNA During Transcription

    7. DNA Restriction Enzymes

    8. Restriction Enzymes Nuclease that can cleave a DNA molecule at any site where a specific short sequence of nucleotides occurs. Different restriction nucleases cut at different sequences. Extensively used in recombinant DNA technology.

    10. Enzyme Site Recognition

    11. 5 vs 3 Prime Overhang

    12. Common Restriction Enzymes

    13. DNA Fingerprinting

    14. Stan Hitomi Director, Edward Teller Education Center UC Davis / Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA Kirk Brown Lead Instructor, Edward Teller Education Center Science Chair, Tracy High School and Delta College, Tracy, CA Sherri Andrews, Ph.D. North Carolina School of the Arts Winston-Salem, NC Forensic DNA Fingerprinting Kit Instructors

    15. DNA Fingerprinting Real World Applications • Crime scene • Human relatedness • Paternity • Animal relatedness Anthropology studies Disease-causing organisms Food identification Human remains Monitoring transplants

    16. DNA Fingerprinting Procedures Day One

    17. DNA Fingerprinting Procedures Day Two

    18. DNA Fingerprinting Procedures Day Three

    19. Chromosomes are Comprised of DNA and Proteins

    20. Agarose Electrophoresis Loading • Electrical current carries negatively-charged DNA through gel towards positive (red) electrode

    21. Agarose Electrophoresis Running • Agarose gel sieves DNA fragments according to size – Small fragments move farther than large fragments

    22. Analysis of Stained Gel Determine restriction fragment sizes • Create standard curve using DNA marker • Measure distance traveled by restriction fragments • Determine size of DNA fragments Identify the related samples

    23. DNA Ladders

    24. Molecular Weight Determination Size (bp) Distance (mm) 23,000 11.0 9,400 13.0 6,500 15.0 4,400 18.0 2,300 23.0 2,000 24.0

    25. DNA Gel

    26. Loading a gel the wrong way

    27. Loading a Gel the right way

    28. Your Assignment Today Successfully load 10mL of loading dye into a well of a DNA agarose gel Complete the activity sheet as a group. Indicate the charge on each of the dyes that were run on the agarose gel Complete the DNA digestion

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