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Franz josef haydn and the classical era.

Mr. Cartwright: Music 8 Monday, February 16 Periods of Music History:. Franz josef haydn and the classical era. Music is divided into six time periods Medieval/ Middle Ages Renaissance Baroque Classical Romantic Twentieth Century. Time Periods of Music History.

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Franz josef haydn and the classical era.

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  1. Mr. Cartwright: Music 8 Monday, February 16 Periods of Music History: Franz josefhaydn and the classical era.

  2. Music is divided into six time periods • Medieval/ Middle Ages • Renaissance • Baroque • Classical • Romantic • Twentieth Century Time Periods of Music History

  3. Begins with the fall of the Roman Empire • Ends middle of the fifteenth century • 1150 – 1400 • Most music of this era was not written down • Music that was written down was from the church • Gregorian Chant, Pope Gregory I • Early notation, neumes • Heavy church influence, centered around Roman Catholic church. • Music found in monasteries • Music was mainly vocal, not much instrumental • Sacred v. Secular music • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MygpgMeIRas Music of the Medieval/ middle ages

  4. Renaissance means “Rebirth” • 1400 – (1600) • More parts added to music, not just one line • Music not only focused in church • Instrument manufacturing expanded • Centered in Rome, Italy • More secular music • Music notation refined, now have note length • Paper more accessible • Many more composers, different styles evolve • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MygpgMeIRas Music of the renaissance

  5. (1600) – 1750 • Heavy influences in art, architecture, and music • Music became more elaborate with use of ornamentation • First sign of improvisation • Opera was established as a musical genre • Music notation was unified. More structure • Bar lines and time signatures appear • Instrumental music becomes more independent • More functional bass line written • Architecture was very elaborate, similar to music • Johann Sebastian Bach • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MygpgMeIRas Music of the baroque

  6. Strict rules governing composition Many musical centers across Europe: Vienna, Rome, Paris Major instrumental works Schools of music Music more accessible; however, mostly enjoyed by the wealthy Haydn, Beethoven Music of the classical era

  7. March 31, 1732 – May 31, 1809 • Born Rohrau, Austria. Lifelong citizen of Austria • Born to a very musical family • Left his home when he was six to study music • Lived in nearby Hainburg with a relative where he learned harpsichor and violin. • Not an easy life… dirty clothes, was hungry • Left Hainburg after two years for St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna – center of musical activity • Did not get an education, simply sang as a professional musician • After going through puberty and his voice dropped, he was dismissed from St. Stephens, and left on the street • Began his career as a freelance musician Franz josefhaydn

  8. Studied music theory and composition independently. • Began to be noticed as a composer • First major position employed as Kapellmeister oby Count Morzin • Count Morzin fell on bad times and was dismissed, hired by the Esterhazy family as vice Kapellmeister. • Led the court’s orchestras and wrote his first symphonies. • Royal family fostered his musical growth • Was friends with Mozart • Prince Niklolaus Esterhazy died, and was replaced by a non musical heir, Haydn was dismissed • Visited England on several occasions, was highly praised. • Did teach Beethoven, although Beethoven didn’t always agree with his teaching. • Settled in Vienna, died shortly after from an illness • Wrote over 100 symphonies. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-dgEawKamA Franz josefhaydn

  9. One of the Classical Era’s most notable composers, and one of the most known of all-time • Composed over 600 works! • Symphonies, Chamber Works, Concerti, Opera, keyboard Wolfgang Amadeus MozartJanuary 26, 1756 – December 5, 1791

  10. Born Salzburg, Austria W.A. Mozart

  11. Mozart’s Birthplace: Father was Leupold Mozart, an accomplished musician himself. • Mother: Anna Maria • Began traveling Europe in 1762 as a childhood prodigy (6 yrs. Old) • Included tours all over Bavaria, London, Paris, The Hague • Not easy tours because of travel in 18th Century • Performed in the Sistine Chapel (during 3 yr. stay in Italy) W. A. Mozart, Early years

  12. Depictions of mozart’s childhood

  13. After return to Salzburg from Italy, he was employed as a court musician by the Archbishop of Salzburg He turned his efforts to composing violin and piano concerti. Grew increasingly discontent with his position with the Archbishop and was not subtle about his wanting to find a position elsewhere. 1777 left Salzburg, without the concent of the Archbishop. Left Salzburg for Paris, mother had to accompany him Fell in love with Aloyshia Weber (she wasn’t interested ) Did not land any major positions, did not make money Mother fell ill, died shortly after Mozart returned to Salzburg, came across Aloyshia… didn’t go well W.A. Mozart and the Salzburg court….. And give paris a try?

  14. Moved to Vienna in 1781. Started out great! Established as greatest keyboardist in Vienna Composed “The Abduction from the Seraglio” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uaLaFNzwgc&feature=related A very “new age” opera Mozart moves in with the Weber’s.. Yes, his ex-girlfriend’s family … and falls in love with the younger sister, Constanze Married in St. Stephens Cathedral, dad “grudgingly” agrees They have 6 kids… 2 lived past their first few months Paris didn’t work… how about vienna?

  15. Die Zauberflote (Magic Flute) • Fantasy opera • Went home to visit his mother and sister, they were “cordial” • Met Haydn in Vienna, became friends • Dedicated six quartets to Haydn “Haydn Quartets” • His concerts paid well • Nice apartment • Servants • Private school for children • Did not save money. Period of lavish lifestyle didn’t last, money ran out. more from vienna…

  16. “Marriage of Figaro” • “Don Giovanni” • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3nqiKzB5fs&feature=related • Emperor Joseph II appointed him “chamber composer” • Didn’t pay much • Money declined, moved from lavish apartment to more modest accommodations • Constantly sought loans • His last year was one of his best, until he became ill. • Began recovering his debts the easy life is over…

  17. Fell ill, became bed ridden • Mentally occupied with finishing his “Requiem” • Died at 1 a.m. Dec. 5, 1791 • Buried in a common grave • Not a well attended burial • Salieri was in attendance • Buried Dec. 7 in calm, mild weather The last year

  18. Depiction of mozart’s death

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