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Understanding Ions, Isotopes, and Atomic Mass Calculations

This chapter focuses on the fundamental concepts of atoms and ions, explaining how the gain or loss of electrons affects the charge of ions. It introduces isotopes, their identification by counting protons and neutrons, and illustrates the average atomic mass calculation using examples like carbon and copper. The timeline of key contributors to atomic theory, including figures such as Curie, Thomson, and Bohr, is presented alongside the essential vocabulary for a foundational understanding of atomic structure and behavior.

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Understanding Ions, Isotopes, and Atomic Mass Calculations

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  1. Chapter 3

  2. Atoms

  3. Ions

  4. Ions If an ion has a charge of -2, what has happened to the atom? The atom has gained two electrons If an ion has a charge of +2, what has happened to the atom? The atom has lost two electrons

  5. Isotopes

  6. Isotopes Count the neutrons and protons Proton Neutron http://www.green-planet-solar-energy.com/images/helium-isotopes-5-to-8.gif

  7. Timeline Curie Thomson Bohr Boyle Beginning Present Millikan Greeks Dalton Rutherford

  8. Periodic Table Atomic Number Symbol Name Mass Number

  9. Element Symbol Mass Number Symbol Atomic Number

  10. Vocabulary • Electron • Proton • Neutron • Nucleus • Ion • Isotope • Atom • Compound • Atomic Number • Mass Number

  11. Relative Size 1 copper atom = 1.0552 x 10-25 kg on average 69.2% of Cu atoms are 1.04497 x 10-25 kg 30.8% of Cu atoms are 1.07815 x 10-25 kg 1 copper penny = 3.1276 x 10-3 kg 3.1276 x 10-3 kg 1 Cu atom = 2.9640 x 1022 atoms 1.0552 x 10-25 kg

  12. Average Atomic Mass Calcs 1 atomic mass unit (amu) = 1.66054x10-27 kg, Mass of an electron = 9.10939x10-31 kg Mass of a proton = 1.67262x10-27 kg Mass of a neutron = 1.67493x10-27 kg Carbon has 2 common isotopes. 126C and 136C. If the abundance of the two isotopes is 98.89% and 1.11 % respectively, what is the average atomic mass of carbon in amu?

  13. 126C

  14. 136C

  15. Putting It All Together Carbon – 12: 12.09893 amu (98.89% abundance) Carbon – 13: 13.10755 amu (1.11% abundance) (12.09893 amu x 0.9889) + (13.10755 amu x 0.0111) 12.01101 amu

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