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Macquarie University Department of Education. French language classroom interaction: how does it influence student retention? Signe Ernist. Issue. Languages teaching in Australia: crisis (Clyne)
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Macquarie University Department of Education French language classroom interaction: how does it influence student retention?Signe Ernist
Issue • Languages teaching in Australia: crisis (Clyne) • Students tend to drop languages study after Year 8, having completed the 100 compulsory hours (NSW) • Second language acquisition in educational context should be continuous and meaningful (Clyne, Lo Bianco, Liddicoat)
Solution • Present state of affairs: to make the most within the reality of subject selection • strongly influenced by family advice and teacher disposition Classroom interaction: communication between teacher and students / students and students influencing the decisions to continue languages study
Question • How does classroom talk influence students’ decisions to continue or discontinue languages study? Talk in interaction is systematically organised, deeply ordered and methodic (Harvey Sacks, founder of Conversation Analysis)
Data • Recorded classroom talk and observations • Collected over two years in Year 7/8 French language classrooms in an independent girls’ school in Sydney
Classroom talk • Clear expectations communicated by the teacher • reflects the whole school approach • Clear ‘routine’ structure in every lesson • students know where they stand (homework checked together – revision with new material linked to it - whole class practice, group practice, group challenge – game, quiz etc - homework given)
Classroom talk 2 • Markers like ‘Attention’ used before asking students to provide a response • reliable routine • Target language accompanied by hand movements • helps meaning detection
Classroom talk 3 • Each student has a textbook and an exercise book • responsibility • All written target language accompanied by English translations • confidence • Classroom talk kept topic centred (no ‘small talk’) • concentration
Classroom talk 4 • Merit system in place (stickers) • effort recognised • Teacher works the classroom space • engagement • Teacher’s enthusiastic disposition • students feel that the teacher wants to be there and teach them – rapport
Students’ comments • French class is fun! • The teacher is fun! • We like how we learn • We have different ways of learning, not just books • The class is encouraging • A good teacher is very important
Students’ reasons to continue studying • To travel, to study, to have a job • To understand more about world • To continue what has been started • Family / background
Students’ reasons to continue studying • Fun / enjoyable language program • Fun teacher • Strict but understanding and flexible • Enthusiastic • Approachable “She is there because she wants to teach us!”
A language supportive whole school approach that is communicated to the students by an enthusiastic teacher does make a difference!
Selected references • Clyne, M. (2005). Australia's Language Potential. Sydney: UNSW PRESS. • Curnow, T. J., & Kohler, M. (2007). Languages are important: but that's not why I am studying one. Babel, 42(2), 20-24,38. • Heritage, J. (1984). Garfinkel and Ethnomethodology. Oxford: Polity Press. • Liddicoat, A. J., Scarino, A., Curnow, T. J., Kohler, M., Scrimgeour, A. & Morgan, A.-M. (2007). An Investigation of the State and Nature of Languages in Australian Schools. Canberra: DEST. • Lo Bianco, J. (2006). Arguing for Perspective in LOTE: Reflections on public debate, language and the public interest. Languages Victoria, 10(1), 16-29. • Seedhouse, P. (2004). The interactional architecture of the language classroom: a conversation analysis perspective. Oxford: Blackwell. • Seedhouse, P. (2005). Conversation Analysis and language learning. Language Teaching, 38, 1-23.