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Skeletal System

Skeletal System. Agriculture, Food, and, Natural Resource Standards Addressed. AS.01.01. Evaluate the development and implications of animal origin, domestication and distribution on production practices and the environment.

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Skeletal System

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  1. Skeletal System

  2. Agriculture, Food, and, Natural Resource Standards Addressed • AS.01.01. Evaluate the development and implications of animal origin, domestication and distribution on production practices and the environment. • AS.01.01.02.a. Research and summarize major components of animal systems.

  3. Skeletal System - The skeleton is a framework of structures, made of bones and cartilage that support and protect the body.

  4. Axial Skeleton - includes the skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum.

  5. Thoracic Axis Sacral Cervical Skull Lumbar Coccygeal Atlas Ribs Axial Skeleton

  6. Skull • many plates of bone fused together.

  7. Skull The soft spot on top of the skull is called a fontanel.

  8. Vertebrae Have five distinct regions: • Cervical • Thoracic • Lumbar • Sacral • Coccygeal

  9. Cervical • vertebrae of the neck region

  10. Cervical Atlas • the first cervical vertebra • called “C1”

  11. Cervical Atlas

  12. Cervical Atlas Forms the joint that lets you nod “yes”

  13. Cervical Axis • the second cervical vertebra • called “C2”

  14. Cervical Axis

  15. Cervical Axis Forms the joint that lets you nod “no”

  16. Cervical • How many does a cow have? • What about a horse? • How about a dog? • And a cat? • Any guesses on a giraffe?

  17. Cervical There are seven cervical vertebrae in all mammals Even the giraffe!

  18. Cervical 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

  19. Thoracic - vertebrae of the body region

  20. Thoracic - always have a rib attached and a spine on top.

  21. Thoracic “True ribs”: directly attach to sternum with cartilage

  22. Thoracic “True ribs”:

  23. Thoracic “False ribs”: connect to each other with cartilage, not the sternum

  24. Thoracic “False ribs”:

  25. Thoracic “Floating ribs”: seen in the dog have cartilage on the tips but do not attach to anything.

  26. Thoracic “Floating ribs”:

  27. Lumbar vertebrae of the lower back

  28. Lumbar Carnivores generally tend to have more perhaps to lend greater flexibility

  29. Lumbar Herbivores need to have a short, strong back to support large digestive and reproductive organs

  30. Sacral vertebrae of the pelvic region

  31. Sacral Fused together on the ventral side.

  32. Sacral Herbivores generally tend to have more to add strength and support to the back. Carnivores tend to have less for flexibility.

  33. Coccygeal vertebrae of the tail region

  34. Coccygeal Used for balance. Become smaller at the end of the tail

  35. Appendicular Skeleton the fore and hind limbs

  36. Appendicular Skeleton Forelimb Scapula Humerus Olecranon Radius Ulna Carpals Sesamoids Phalanges Metacarpals

  37. Appendicular Skeleton Hind limb Pelvis Femur Patella Fibula Tibia Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges Sesamoids

  38. Forelimb Scapula “shoulder blade” attached with muscle

  39. Forelimb Clavicle the cat is the only domestic animal with a clavicle!

  40. Forelimb Humerus forms the upper arm

  41. Forelimb Ulna forms the elbow joint

  42. Forelimb Ulna fused with the radius in herbivores

  43. Forelimb Radius forms the forearm

  44. Forelimb Carpus commonly called the “knee” in horses

  45. Forelimb Carpus the “wrist” in dogs and humans

  46. Forelimb Metacarpals commonly called the cannon region of the forelimb

  47. Metacarpals Number depends on species: Humans: 5

  48. Metacarpals Number depends on species: Horses: 1 plus 2 accessory metacarpals called “splint bones”

  49. Metacarpals Cannon Bone (III Metacarpals) Splint Bones (II or IV Metacarpals)

  50. Metacarpals Number depends on species: Dogs and cats: 4 plus the dewclaw

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