World War I: America's Role and Contributions in the Conflict

1. War to make the world “safe for democracy”

2. Raising an Army • ________________ : men register, randomly chosen for service • ________________: in segregated units, excluded from navy, marines • Soldiers train for 8 months, often drill with _______ weapons • Women in army, navy, marines as _________, ____________, phone operators.

3. Mass Production • To expand fleet to transport men, food, equipment to Europe, U.S.: • Gives special status to _____________ workers • Uses fabrication techniques • Takes over ___________, __________ ships

4. US Navy Contributions • _________________: destroyers escort merchant ships across Atlantic • losses drop dramatically • Navy helps lay mines across _________ Sea, keep U-boats out of Atlantic • 1918, Germans have difficulty replacing _______, trained s_____________. • After ________ years fighting, _______ forces are exhausted, demoralized • American troops bring numbers, ____________, enthusiasm.

5. “Over There” • General ____________________ leads the American ______________________ (AEF) • Soldiers __________ by cities, ___________ by battle

6. New weapons • By 1917, British learn to use _________ to clear path for infantry. • Early __________ flimsy, only do scouting; later ones stronger, faster • Carry _____________ guns, heavy bomb loads • American ace _____________________, other pilots in ________________ • Observation ______________ used extensively, prime target of ace pilots.

7. New Hazards • New weapons and tactics lead to horrific ___________, hazards • Troops amidst filth, ___________, polluted _________, poison _______, ___________ bodies • Constant bombardment, battle fatigue produce “__________________” • Physical problems include _________________, trench ____________, trench _____________.

8. American troops go on the offensive • ___________ pulls out of war 1917; German shift armies to _______________ front. • Come within 50 miles of __________ • Americans help stop German advance, turn tide against ______________ powers.

9. American Troops go on the offensive • American War Hero • ____________________ person who opposes war on moral grounds • Originally a conscientious objector, ___________ decides WWI is just • Alone kills _______ Germans, with 6 others, captures ________ prisoners • Promoted to sergeant; becomes U.S. ____________

10. American Troops Go on the Offensive • The collapse of Germany • November 3, 1918, _________________ surrenders to Allies • German sailors, soldiers rebel; socialists establish German _______________ • Kaiser gives up throne • Germans exhausted ______________, or truce, signed November 11, 1918 (11/11/1918)

11. The Final Toll • World War I bloodiest war in history to date. • More than half of 22 million dead are ___________ • ___________ more are wounded • 10 million people become ______________.