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Unlocking DNA Secrets: Biotechnology and Identification Innovations

Explore how biotechnology utilizes DNA variations and noncoding regions to create unique identification profiles for individuals. Discover how only 0.1% of human DNA differs between people, allowing for precise identification through VNTR analysis and PCR techniques using restriction enzymes as nature's scissors. Delve into the fascinating world of DNA fingerprinting and its applications in forensic science and personal identification.

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Unlocking DNA Secrets: Biotechnology and Identification Innovations

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  1. Biotechnology

  2. DNA Identification • Only about 0.1% of DNA is different between individuals in the human population • This allows scientists to be able to identify people by their DNA---focus on the differences.

  3. Noncoding DNA • 98% of our DNA does not code for any proteins-Noncoding DNA • These regions contain variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). • CACACA,CACACA,CACACA,CACACA= ind. #1 • CACACA,CACACA,CACACA,CACACA,CACACA =ind. #2 • Geneticists calc. how frequently each of the repeats occur in the general population.-how rare it is.

  4. By identifying the VNTR’s at a number of locations in a person’s genome, a DNA profile can be developed for each individual in the population that is unique.

  5. P C R

  6. Restriction Enzymes • Nature’s Scissors

  7. Because each individual will have a unique number of places that restriction enzymes can make cuts, each person will have a unique set of DNA fragments of varying lengths. • How can scientists use this to make a DNA fingerprint?

  8. DNA Fingerprinting

  9. How can DNA finger-printing be used?

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