1 / 19

Hepatic Clearance and Elimination

Hepatic Clearance and Elimination. Dr. Basavaraj K. Nanjwade M. Pharm., Ph. D Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Omer Al- Mukhtar University Tobruk , Libya. E-mail: nanjwadebk@gmail.com. CONTENTS. Liver function test. Hepatic clearance. Biliary excretion of drug.

mamber
Download Presentation

Hepatic Clearance and Elimination

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Hepatic Clearance and Elimination Dr. Basavaraj K. NanjwadeM. Pharm., Ph. D Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Omer Al-Mukhtar University Tobruk, Libya. E-mail: nanjwadebk@gmail.com Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  2. CONTENTS • Liver function test. • Hepatic clearance. • Biliary excretion of drug. • References. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  3. Liver function test • Liver function tests (LFT) are a helpful screening tool to detect hepatic dysfunction. Thereby hepatic clearance of the drugs can be estimated with the results of liver functions test. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  4. Classification of Liver Function Tests • Tests of the liver’s capacity to transport organic anions and to metabolize drugs: Serum bilirubin Urine bilirubin Urobilinogen etc. • Tests that detect injury to hepatocytes (serum enzyme tests): Aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, etc. C. Tests of the Liver’s biosynthetic capacity: Serum proteins, albumin, etc. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  5. Liver function test Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  6. Presystemic metabolism Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  7. Liver function test • Largest gland, weight 1 and 2.3 kg, situated upper part of the abdominal cavity • Functions: • Carbohydrate metabolism-blood glucose level • Fat metabolism • Protein metabolism • Breakdown of erythrocytes and defense against microbes • Detoxification of drugs and noxious substances • Metabolism of ethanol • Inactivation of hormones • Synthesis of vitamin A from carotene • Production of heat • Secretion of bile Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  8. Biochemical tests useful for • Detection of disease • Diagnostic work-up • Estimate severity • Assess prognosis • Evaluate therapy Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  9. Uses of Liver function tests • They are helpful to recognize the pattern of liver disease. • Like being helpful in differentiating between Acute viral hepatitis Various cholestatic disorders Chronic liver disease • They are helpful to assess the severity and predict the outcome of certain diseases like primary biliary cirrhosis. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  10. Pharmacists role • Take accurate medication history • Report ADR’s, documented publish • Be aware of liver toxins and monitor • Avoid I. M. injections • Be suspicious of drug induced liver disease • Consider implications of hepatic dysfunction • Understand Liver Function Test’s and treatment of liver disease Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  11. Hepatic clearance • Hepatic clearance may be defined as volume of the blood that perfuses the liver that is cleared of drug per unit. Clh = Qh Eh Where, Clh= Hepatic clearance Qh = Blood flow to the liver Eh = Extraction ratio of the liver Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  12. Hepatic clearance • Hepatic clearance may also be expressed as the rate of drug removal divided by the plasma drug concentration in the artery. Rate of drug removal by the liver CLh= ---------------------------------------------- Plasma concentration of the drug • It should be noted that only free drug in blood is available for hepatic extraction. Therefore, protein binding of drugs has to be considered in calculating the hepatic clearance. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  13. Biliary excretion of drug Bile juice is secreted by hepatic cells of the liver. The flow is steady-0.5 to 1ml /min. Its important in the digestion and absorption of fats. 90% of bile acid is reabsorbed from intestine and transported back to the liver for resecretion. Compounds excreted by this route are sodium, potassium, glucose, bilirubin, Glucuronide, sucrose, Inulin, muco-proteins e.t.c. Greater the polarity better the excretion. The metabolites are more excreted in bile than parent drugs due to increased polarity. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  14. Biliary excretion of drug Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  15. Biliary excretion of drug-Enterohepatic Cycling Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  16. Enterohepatic circulation Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  17. Hepatic elimination • Elimination is defined as the process that tends to remove the drug from the body and terminate its action. Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  18. Hepatic elimination Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

  19. THANK YOU E-mail: nanjwadebk@gmail.com Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya.

More Related