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Future Prospects of Mars Network Studies: Insights into Climate Dynamics and Interior Composition

Discover the scientific priorities of Mars exploration and what's next, from climate dynamics to internal structure studies. Learn about upcoming NASA and ESA missions, including rover and orbiter plans, and the technical heritage contributing to Mars exploration. Explore the potential for a network mission with small stations for in-depth analysis.

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Future Prospects of Mars Network Studies: Insights into Climate Dynamics and Interior Composition

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  1. NETwork studies of MARS climate and interior A.V.Rodin, V.M.Linkin, A.N.Lipatov, V.N.Zharkov, T.V.Gudkova, R.O.Kuzmin

  2. Scientific priorities of Mars exploration: what’s done? • Climate dynamics (atmospheric temperature, water, dust, clouds) • Surface and subsurface volatiles inventory • Paleoclimate records in surface composition and morphology • Extra rare constituents (methane)

  3. Future plans • NASA: Mars Science Laboratory (rover), MAVEN (atmosphere sample analysis). Soil sample return mission in a foreseeable perspective. • ESA: ExoMars – rover with drilling capabilities.

  4. What’s to be done by orbiters • Wide-field hyperspectral monitoring (analog of VEX/VIRTIS) • High resolution spectroscopy in IR and/or microwave ranges for isotopic analysis and Doppler measurements (present in NASA and ESA programs)

  5. What’s to be done by landers • Mars internal structure and composition - a network of seismometers • Meteo network • Surface thermal & electric conductivity – penetrating probes (depth 10-20 cm )

  6. 180 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 How many stations do we need in a network? • According to Kotelnikov theorem, 4 seismic and 6 meteo stations should be placed in each latitude zone Wave 3 feature in water vapor (model)

  7. Minimalistic concept: 2 “light” stations in the polar regions 2 “heavy” stations in tropics or midlatitudes

  8. SH NH MEX/OMEGA 1.5 mm index MGCM

  9. Technical heritage:Netlander (ESA)MET-NET (IKI & FMI) microlanders

  10. Lavochkin’s view on mission scenario

  11. Wind Sensor Model science payload MET- Boom • Descent phase instr. package • P, T, Acc • Surface phase instruments: Thermocouples Humidity 100 cm Soil Probe Temperature, Humidity Imager & opt. sens. • Seismic sensor • Pancam • Wind speed sensor • Pressure • Atm. temperature • Atm. humidity • Soil temperature • Soil humidity • Lidar

  12. Thermal & electric conductivity probe(Phoenix experience)

  13. seismic measurements: high demands on sensitivity

  14. FirstIBU Inflatable heat shield

  15. MainIBU

  16. Mass Budget

  17. Thermal protectionsystem tests

  18. MetNet Flight Test Испытания ТЗП

  19. Inflatable heat shield tested using Volna launcher for suborbital flight 2007

  20. Resume • A network mission to Mars with small stations bearing meteo package, seismic sensors and optional instruments may get a high priority for the Russian national space program. • Rich technical heritage and connection with European and US groups involved in similar network missions leaves a hope that it will be implemented shortly

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