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United States Constitution

United States Constitution. Bill of Rights & Amendments. Bill of Rights. First ten amendments Present liberties as: basic rights and freedoms that government may not take away. Amendment I #26. Freedom of Religion, Press, Expression 12/15/1791

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United States Constitution

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  1. United States Constitution Bill of Rights & Amendments

  2. Bill of Rights First ten amendments Present liberties as: basic rights and freedoms that government may not take away

  3. Amendment I #26 • Freedom of Religion, Press, Expression • 12/15/1791 • Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

  4. Amendment II #26 • Right to Bear Arms • 12/15/1791 • A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. • Militia today is the: National Guard

  5. Amendment III #26 • Quartering of Soldiers. • 12/15/1791 • No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. • Quartering:to provide shelter

  6. Amendment IV #26 • Search and Seizure • 12/15/1791 • The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. • Warrant:a permit issued by a magistrate giving an officer authority for search and seizure of property

  7. Amendment V #26 • Trial and Punishment, Compensation for Takings. • 12/15/1791 • No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put injeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due processof law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

  8. Amendment V #26 • BANS Double Jeopardy • Being tried for the same crime twice • ENTITLES Due Process • A fair hearing or trial

  9. Amendment VI #26 • Right to a speedy trial by jury • 12/15/1791 • In all criminal cases the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartialjury • Jury:A fair hearing or trial

  10. Amendment VII #26 • Trial by Jury in Civil Cases • 12/15/1791 • In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. • Common Law:Laws established by judges in past cases

  11. Amendment VIII #26 • Cruel and Unusual Punishment. • 12/15/1791. • Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. • Cruel & Unusual punishments: Mental and physical abuse

  12. Amendment IX #26 • Powers Reserved to the ... • 12/15/1791. • The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

  13. Amendment X #26 • Powers of the States and People. • 12/15/1791 • The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

  14. Amendment XI continued • Judicial Limits. • 2/7/1795 • The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. • Suit:the process of suing

  15. Amendment XII • Choosing the President, Vice-President. • 6/15/1804 • The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, • The person having the greatest Number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. • Electoral College Votes Needed:270

  16. Amendment XIII-XV • 13th Amendment abolishes slavery • 12/6/1865 • Abolish:to put an end to • 14th Amendment Rights of Citizens • All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. • Brown Vs. Board of Education:made segregation illegal • 15th Amendment Voting Rights • The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. • Jim Crow Laws:laws that segregated the south

  17. Amendment XVI-XIX • 16th Amendment established Income Tax • A tax on people’s earnings • 17th Amendment Started direct elections of Senators • Popular Vote: Winner is determined by most votes • 18th Amendment started Prohibition • A ban on the manufacturing, sale, and transport of alcohol between 1920 – 1933 • 19th Started Women’s Suffrage • The right to vote

  18. Amendments XX-XXIV • 20th Amendment established Presidential Term date • President is sworn in on January 20th • 21st Amendment repealsProhibition • To cancel • 22nd Amendment Limits the number of Presidential Terms • Two terms or ten years • 23rd Amendment Gives Electors for District of Columbia • Delegates to the electoral college that vote

  19. Amendments XXIV-XXVII • 24th Amendment banned Poll Taxes • Fee required before a person can vote • 25th Amendment Set President Succession as • Vice President (Clarifies Article II) • Speaker of House, Pro Tempore, Secretaries • 26th Amendment Sets Voting Age • Voting age is changed to 18 years old • 27th Amendment Congressional Pay Increase • Occurs after the next election

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