Absolute Monarchs in Europe

Absolute Monarchs in Europe 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500

Section 1- 100 • William of Orange helped the _______ fight the ______ for independence Netherlands (Dutch); Spanish

Section 1- 200 • Who was defeated in 1588 by bad weather and the English navy? Spanish Armada

Section 1- 300 • During the 1600s who gradually replaced the Italians as being the bankers of Europe? Netherlands (Dutch)

Section 1- 400 • What country failed to have a middle class in the 1500s? Why did a middle class not form? Spain; tax burden on lower classes

Section 1- 500 • What is an absolute monarch? How was absolutism encouraged by the belief in the divine right monarchs and the upheavals of the times? king/queen who claims authority to rule without limits; divine right gave religious authority to kings/queens and their actions; God created the monarchy and they were his representatives on Earth;

Section 2- 100 • Give the name of the building created by Louis XIV to display his absolute power Palace of Versailles

Section 2- 200 • Who was known as the Sun King? Louis the XIV

Section 2- 300 • What is the name of the Protestant Prince who became a Catholic King? Henry IV

Section 2- 400 • What was the name of the act that allowed religious tolerance in France? Who created it? Who cancelled it? Edict of Nantes; Henry IV; Louis the XIV

Section 2- 500 • How did religious and political turmoil in France encourage absolutism? Did it encourage skepticism? Absolutism: people prefer strong monarch that could keep peace instead of chaos from civil war and rebellion; fed up with nobel rebellions, monarchs severly weakened the nobility Skepticism: many intellectuals who witnessed the horror of religious wars came to doubt the churches that claimed to have the only correct set of beliefs

Section 3- 100 • Most of the beginning battles of the 30 Years’ War were won by _______. The Hapsburgs

Section 3- 200 • In the mid-1600s what area of the world was least dependent on the labor of serfs? The Nations of Western Europe

Section 3- 300 • What historic event marked the beginning of the modern state system in Europe? 30 Years' War

Section 3- 400 • How did the United Provinces of the Netherlands differ from neighboring states? It had elected governors whose power depened on landowners and merchants

Section 3- 500 • Name three important results of the 30 Years’ War in relation to Germany: Germany was devastated; pop. dropped, trade and agriculture were disrupted; its economy was ruined; As a result Germany did not become a unified state until the 1800s

Section 4- 100 • What is a boyar? What is the name of the ruler that was threatened by the boyars? Russian landowner; Ivan IV or Ivan the Terrible

Section 4- 200 • Name two ways that Russia experienced westernization. Who was the ruler that inspired westernization? moderize army with instruction by European officers; introduced potatoes; raised women's status; ordered nobles to wear European garments; first Russian newspaper; Peter I/the Great

Section 4- 300 • What was one reason Ivan IV was called Ivan the Terrible? He organized a police force that murdered people he considered traitors

Section 4- 400 • Why did Peter the Great build the city of St. Petersburg? He wanted a city on a seaport that would make it easier to travel to the West

Section 4- 500 • At the time that Peter the Great took the throne, what was the most essential part of the Russian economy? the serfs

Bonus Question! 300 Points Section 5- 100 • After Elizabeth I died, who took the English throne? James Stuart (James I) What was the significance of James I's reign for England? England and Scotland shared a ruler

Section 5- 200 • Put the following events in chronological order: • Restoration • English Civil War • Glorious Revolution English Civil War The Restoration Glorious Revolution

Section 5- 300 • What Puritan leader ruled England after the end of the English Civil War? Oliver Cromwell

Section 5- 400 • What was the significance of the English Bill of Rights? It made clear the limits of royal power

Section 5- 500 • Name two ways rulers limited noble power during the 1600s. Why were their powers limited? France: nobles were ordered to take down their fortified castles, not have walls Louis kept nobles away from home, totally dependent on approval of monarch Russia: czar's secret police; lands seized; recruiting men from lower-ranking families

Absolute Monarchs in Europe