Unit 4: US Constitution

1. Unit 4: US Constitution 1776-1816 AP #6 VUS 11.5

2. Timeline • 1783- Treaty of Paris Signed • 1785- Land Ordinance passed • 1786-87- Shay’s Rebellion in MA • 1786- Annapolis convention • 1787- Northwest Ordinance passed

3. Details • Parties: • Federalists • Strong central government • Supported constitution • Checks and balances • Anti-federalists • Opposed constitution • Fear of strong central government • State power

4. Details • Land Ordinance of 1785 • Passed under Articles to outline land surveys and sales • Divided western land where Native American land was made into townships and lots

5. Details • Shay’s Rebellion • Farmer revolt to get: • Flexible monetary policy • Laws for legalize bartering • Right to postpone tax payment

6. Details • Northwest Ordinance • Specified statehood process • Required waiting period • Prohibited Slavery

7. Timeline • 1787-Constitutional Convention • 1787-1790- Constitution Ratification by states occurs • 1789- Constitution goes into effect • 1789- Election- George Washington • 1791- Bill of Rights ratified • 1792-National Bank established • 1793- French and British wars

8. Details • Constitutional Convention • Reassess Articles • Need to tax • Regulate commerce • Provide for the defense • Make laws • National Bank • Hamilton’s plan • Uniform currency

9. Sources • http://www.law.ou.edu/hist/ • Federalist Papers • Hamilton, Madison, Jay • Madison #10- most famous • Argues size would make impossible for government take over • The Articles of Confederation (Nov. 15, 1777) • The Treaty of Paris (1783) • The Federalist Papers • The Annapolis Convention (Sept. 14, 1786) • The Constitution of the United States. (1787) • The Northwest Ordinance (July 13, 1787)

10. Review: 1. According to Constitution, which people would be elected directly by the people a. Senators b. Members of House of Reps c. Judges d. The President e. All of the Above

11. Review: 1. According to Constitution, which people would be elected directly by the people a. Senators b. Members of House of Reps c. Judges d. The President e. All of the Above

12. Review 2. The Federalists allowed the addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution because: a. Needed support from Anti-feds to ratify Constitution b. Wanted to highlight slavery c. Wanted to strengthen new government d. Wanted to assure Washington’s election e. Thought it would weaken the judicial system

13. Review 2. The Federalists allowed the addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution because: a. Needed support from Anti-feds to ratify Constitution b. Wanted to highlight slavery c. Wanted to strengthen new government d. Wanted to assure Washington’s election e. Thought it would weaken the judicial system

14. Review 3. During the Confederation period, the most prominent Federalists who argued for a strong central government were: a. George Mason and Patrick Henry b. Nathan Hale and George Gage c. John Adams and Henry Clay d. Thomas Jefferson and John Hancock e. Alexander Hamilton and James Madison

15. Review 3. During the Confederation period, the most prominent Federalists who argued for a strong central government were: a. George Mason and Patrick Henry b. Nathan Hale and George Gage c. John Adams and Henry Clay d. Thomas Jefferson and John Hancock e. Alexander Hamilton and James Madison

16. Essays or Discussion • What was the greatest single threat that led to the American victory in the war against Britain? • Why did many colonists remain loyal to the king during the American revolution?

17. Timeline • 1793- Citizen Genet • 1794- Battle of Fallen Timbers • Coalition of NW Native Americans defeated • Whiskey Rebellion (PA) • 1795- Jay’s Treaty (Britain) • Pinckney's Treaty (Spain) • 1796- Election- John Adams • 1797- XYZ Affair • Increase tensions

18. Details • Whiskey Rebellion • Showed power of new government • Farmers refuse to pay tax • Jay’s Treaty • England give up Western posts • Pickney’s Treaty • Mississippi River trade • Settled Northern boundary of Florida

19. Timeline • 1803- Louisiana Purchase • 1804- Election- Jefferson (again) • Lewis and Clark • 1807- Embargo Act • 1808- Election- Madison • End to US involvement in international slave trade • 1811- Tecumseh and Allies defeated @ Tippecanoe

20. Details • Embargo Act • Alternative to war • Devasted US economy • Prevented foreign trade • Tippecanoe • Harrison attack Tecumseh’s capital • Bloody

21. Timeline • 1798- Alien and Sedition Acts • 1798- VA and KY resolutions passed • 1800-Election- Thomas Jefferson (WA Hoo WA) • Republicans in Power • 1803- Marbury vs. Madison

22. Details • Alien and Sedition • Adams agreed to 4 separate pieces • Alter citizenship and immigration regulations • VA and KY resolutions • Response to A and S acts • Marbury v. Madison • John Marshall- chief justice • Established judicial review

23. Timeline • 1811- National Bank dies • 1812- Election- Madison (again) • 1812-14- War with Britain (War of 1812) • 1814- Battle of Horseshoe bend • 1814- Treat of Ghent • 1815- Battle of New Orleans • 1816- Election- Monroe • 1816- National Bank reestablished

24. Details • Hartford Convention • Against “Mr. Madison’s war” • Downfall of Federalist party • Two groups • War Hawks (pro) • Doves (against) • Treaty of Ghent • Ended war • Restored previous boundaries

25. Review 1. The VA and KY Resolutions took the position that: a. ‘supremacy clause’ applied only to foreign powers b. Congress was responsible for maintaining an oppression party c. Only state fiscal measures could be approved by Congress d. States had power to decide constitutional issues e. Only Supreme court had power to restrict 1st amendment

26. Review 1. The VA and KY Resolutions took the position that: a. ‘supremacy clause’ applied only to foreign powers b. Congress was responsible for maintaining an oppression party c. Only state fiscal measures could be approved by Congress d. States had power to decide constitutional issues e. Only Supreme court had power to restrict 1st amendment

27. Review 2. Marshall established the doctrine of judicial review by ruling in: a. Northern Securities v. the US b. Adams v. Dickenson c. Fletcher v. Peck d. Dartmouth v. Woodward e. Marbury v. Madison

28. Review 2. Marshall established the doctrine of judicial review by ruling in: a. Northern Securities v. the US b. Adams v. Dickenson c. Fletcher v. Peck d. Dartmouth v. Woodward e. Marbury v. Madison

29. Review 3. The Shawnee leader who rallied the tribes against white intrusion in 1811 was: a. Ticonderoga b. Chief Pequot c. Tecumseh d. Winnemuka e. Geronimo

30. Review 3. The Shawnee leader who rallied the tribes against white intrusion in 1811 was: a. Ticonderoga b. Chief Pequot c. Tecumseh d. Winnemuka e. Geronimo

31. Review 4. Jefferson, a strict constructionist, found it necessary to act broadly when: a. Negotiated the Louisiana purchase b. Vetoed the National Bank c. Sought to balance the national budget d. Sought to impeach John Marshall e. Pushed for the Embargo of 1807

32. Review 4. Jefferson, a strict constructionist, found it necessary to act broadly when: a. Negotiated the Louisiana purchase b. Vetoed the National Bank c. Sought to balance the national budget d. Sought to impeach John Marshall e. Pushed for the Embargo of 1807

33. Sources • The Sedition Act (July 14, 1798)

34. Essays or Discussion • Contrast the Jeffersonian and Hamiltonian philosophies that helped frame the Early Republic. • What challenges did the young US face in its relations with nations in Europe?