Step Up To: Discovering Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

1. Step Up To: Discovering Psychologyby John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 4e Worth Publishers (2007)

2. Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders Moody Blues You’ve got Personality Me, Nervous? What’s abnormal? Did you hear it, too?

3. What’s abnormal? 500 400 300 200 100

4. Me, Nervous? 500 400 300 200 100

5. Moody Blues 500 400 300 200 100

6. You’ve got Personality 500 400 300 200 100

7. Did you hear it, too? 500 400 300 200 100

8. 1. In order for behavior to be considered a psychological disorder, it must either: • A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous. • B) make others uncomfortable or put them at risk. • C) put them at risk to harm themselves or to harm others. • D) cause distress or impair functioning.

9. 2. The book that officially classifies all the different psychological disorders is the: • A) APA-Dx. • B) DSM-IV-TR. • C) ICD-10. • D) NCS.

10. 3. According to an NCS study, the lifetime prevalence of psychological disorders is about: • A) 30%. • B) 20%. • C) 40%. • D) 50%.

11. The NCS found that women had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders and men had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders. • A) anxiety; substance abuse • B) anxiety; depression • C) depression; anxiety • D) substance abuse; antisocial personality

12. 5. Which of these is an important qualification for a psychological disorder? • A) There must be suffering. • B) It depends on the prevailing culture. • C) There must be suffering and it must impair the ability to function. • D) It must be rare.

13. 6. Normal anxiety is different from pathological anxiety in that for it to be a disorder: • A) it must be irrational. • B) it is uncontrollable. • C) it is disruptive. • D) all of the above must be true.

14. 7. Generalized anxiety disorder is sometimes referred to as: • A) acute stress disorder. • B) chronic stress disorder. • C) free-floating anxiety. • D) nonspecific target anxiety.

15. 8. According to the cognitive-behavioral theory of panic disorder, people with panic disorder: • A) always experience anxiety when they face the same situation. • B) misinterpret the physical signs of arousal. • C) have flashbacks to an earlier stressful event. • D) have regularly predicted panic attacks.

16. 9. Agoraphobia is: • A) fear of the marketplace. • B) fear of experiencing a panic attack. • C) fear of spiders. • D) fear of heights.

17. 10. John mentally counts whenever he is out in public. This is an example of: • A) a specific phobia. • B) a panic attack. • C) an obsession. • D) a compulsion.

18. 11. Which of the following would not be an example of Major Depression? • A) Bob, who does not make eye contact and feels hopeless • B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death • C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his father died a couple days ago • D) Mary, who has had a loss of appetite and can’t stop crying

19. 12. Without treatment, those who have been through one episode of Major Depression: • A) have a 50% chance of having another episode. • B) are unlikely to have another occurrence in at least 5 years. • C) learn to cope with their depression. • D) usually commit suicide within the next year.

20. 13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem that individuals with mania experience is: • A) they just want more and more excitement. • B) grandiosity removes all limits on their thoughts and behavior. • C) they ignore pain and just feel great. • D) happiness is not in perspective to what is going on around them.

21. 14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Bipolar Disorder. • A) sadness; happiness • B) acute; chronic • C) dysthymia; cyclothymia • D) cyclothymia; dysthymia

22. 15. The drug lithium is usually the drug of choice for bipolar disorder because it regulates: • A) norepinephrine. • B) serotonin. • C) stress hormones. • D) glutamate.

23. 16. This personality disorder lacks control over impulses and is most likely to harm his/her self. • A) multiple personality disorder • B) antisocial personality disorder • C) paranoid personality disorder • D) borderline personality disorder

24. 17. Showing little or no remorse, the person with ___ personality disorder will frequently deceive or manipulate others for his/her own personal gain. • A) borderline • B) paranoid • C) antisocial • D) histrionic

25. 18. Those with antisocial personality disorder have met the criteria for another disorder in childhood or adolescence, and that disorder is: • A) paranoid personality disorder. • B) conduct disorder. • C) schizophrenia. • D) drug abuse.

26. 19. In this disorder, the individual will have many alter egos, holding separate memories, emotions, and motives. • A) multiple personality disorder • B) dissociative identity disorder • C) dissociative fugue • D) schizophrenia

27. 20. Researchers have a problem with the “traumatic memory” explanation of dissociative identity disorder because: • A) just the opposite effect occurs in most trauma victims. • B) most DID patients do not report early abuse. • C) trauma victims usually repress memories but do not develop DID. • D) none of the above are true.

28. 21. A false belief that is strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is: • A) a leap of faith. • B) a hallucination. • C) a delusion. • D) disorganized thinking.

29. 22. The most common type of false perceptions in schizophrenia are: • A) delusions of grandeur. • B) visual hallucinations. • C) disorganized thinking. • D) auditory hallucinations.

30. 23. Lack of emotional expression demonstrated by schizophrenic individuals is called: • A) alogia. • B) avolition. • C) flat affect. • D) delusions.

31. 24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in: • A) catatonic schizophrenia. • B) disorganized schizophrenia. • C) paranoid schizophrenia. • D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.

32. 25. The fact that amphetamines and cocaine produce schizophrenia-like symptoms gives support for the ____ explanation of the cause of schizophrenia. • A) frontal lobe • B) dopamine hypothesis • C) loss of gray matter • D) viral infection theory

33. Congratulations!

34. Answers Stop here, or continue as a review

35. 1. In order for behavior to be considered a psychological disorder, it must either: • A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous. • B) make others uncomfortable or put them at risk. • C) put them at risk to harm themselves or to harm others. • D) cause distress or impair functioning. 507

36. 2. The book that officially classifies all the different psychological disorders is the: • A) APA-Dx. • B) DSM-IV-TR. • C) ICD-10. • D) NCS. 509

37. 3. According to an NCS study, the lifetime prevalence of psychological disorders is about: • A) 30%. • B) 20%. • C) 40%. • D) 50%. 510

38. The NCS found that women had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders and men had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders. • A) anxiety; substance abuse • B) anxiety; depression • C) depression; anxiety • D) substance abuse; antisocial personality 510

39. 5. Which of these is an important qualification for a psychological disorder? • A) There must be suffering. • B) It depends on the prevailing culture. • C) There must be suffering and it must impair the ability to function. • D) It must be rare. 507

40. 6. Normal anxiety is different from pathological anxiety in that for it to be a disorder: • A) it must be irrational. • B) it is uncontrollable. • C) it is disruptive. • D) all of the above must be true. 512

41. 7. Generalized anxiety disorder is sometimes referred to as: • A) acute stress disorder. • B) chronic stress disorder. • C) free-floating anxiety. • D) nonspecific target anxiety. 512

42. 8. According to the cognitive-behavioral theory of panic disorder, people with panic disorder: • A) always experience anxiety when they face the same situation. • B) misinterpret the physical signs of arousal. • C) have flashbacks to an earlier stressful event. • D) have regularly predicted panic attacks. 513

43. 9. Agoraphobia is: • A) fear of the marketplace. • B) fear of experiencing a panic attack. • C) fear of spiders. • D) fear of heights. 515

44. 10. John mentally counts whenever he is out in public. This is an example of: • A) a specific phobia. • B) a panic attack. • C) an obsession. • D) a compulsion. 507

45. 11. Which of the following would not be an example of Major Depression? • A) Bob, who does not make eye contact and feels hopeless • B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death • C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his father died a couple days ago • D) Mary, who has had a loss of appetite and can’t stop crying 521

46. 12. Without treatment, those who have been through one episode of Major Depression: • A) have a 50% chance of having another episode. • B) are unlikely to have another occurrence in at least 5 years. • C) learn to cope with their depression. • D) usually commit suicide within the next year.

47. 13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem that individuals with mania experience is: • A) they just want more and more excitement. • B) grandiosity removes all limits on their thoughts and behavior. • C) they ignore pain and just feel great. • D) happiness is not in perspective to what is going on around them. 523

48. 14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Bipolar Disorder. • A) sadness; happiness • B) acute; chronic • C) dysthymia; cyclothymia • D) cyclothymia; dysthymia

49. 15. The drug lithium is usually the drug of choice for bipolar disorder because it regulates: • A) norepinephrine. • B) serotonin. • C) stress hormones. • D) glutamate. 525

50. 16. This personality disorder lacks control over impulses and is most likely to harm his/her self. • A) multiple personality disorder • B) antisocial personality disorder • C) paranoid personality disorder • D) borderline personality disorder 529