WWII

1. WWII Chapters 35-36

2. Benito Mussolini • Italy • Fascism • State more important than people • Strong gov’t. with dictator • Individual has no rights

3. Josef Stalin • Soviet Union • Communist nation (1917)

4. Adolf Hitler • Germany • Used fascism w/racism • Blonde, blue-eyed were superior • National Socialist German Worker’s Party • Swastika • Goals: • Rebuild Germany • Tear up Treaty of Versailles • Conquer Europe • Destroy Jews

6. Jewish Treatment • No rights • Harassed and mistreated • Isolated and enslaved • Eliminated

7. “Kristallnacht” • Nov. 9-10, 1938 • 1,000 Jews murdered • 26,000 Jews sent to camps • Night of Broken Glass

8. Road to War • Democracy threatened • Aggression/tension ↑ • Dictatorships increasing • Difficulty remaining isolated • U.S. isolation

9. Neutrality Acts (1935-37) • No sale of munitions to warring nations • Unlawful for Ams. to travel on warring countries ships • Authorize President to list commodities to be sold (Cash-and-Carry only)

10. German Advancement • 1938: Austria • Munich Pact (9/38) • Czechs give Sudetenland to Germany • March 1939: Czechoslovakia • Sept. 1, 1939: Poland • April-June 1940: Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Lux., France

11. Selective Service Act • Sept 1940 • First peacetime draft • All men ages 21-35 • 1 year active service

12. 1940 Election

13. Lend-Lease Act (March 1941) • $7 billion to GB/Allies (by end of war $50 billion) • Sell or lease commodities to any country whose defense was vital to U.S. defense

14. U.S./Japan Relations • 7/41: Embargo on oil, tools, iron & steel Froze Japanese assets in U.S. • 11/41: Peace mission to U.S. • 3 demands • 1. Unfreeze assets • 2. Lift embargo • 3. Cease aid to China

15. Pearl Harbor • Naval, Air Force base • Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941 • 7:55 am & 8:50 am • Am. losses • Almost all planes • 8 battleships • +2,300 killed, 2,000 wounded Dec. 8, 1941: U.S. declares war on Japan

16. Internment Camps • 110,000 Japanese-Americans placed in camps • 1988: $20,000 to all survivors

17. OPA • Office of Price Administration • Fought inflation by freezing wages, prices, and rents • Rationed foods, such as meat, butter, cheese, vegetables, sugar and coffee

18. NWLB • National War Labor Board • Limited wage increases • Kept unions stable, forbid workers from changing unions • Paid vacations, pensions, and medical insurance

19. WPB • War Production Board • Rationed fuel and materials vital to the war effort, such as gas, heating oil, metals, rubber, and plastics

20. Manhattan Project • Scientist: J. Robert Oppenheimer • Tested July 16, 1945 (Alamogordo, NM) • Atomic bomb

21. D-Day (June 6, 1944) • “Operation Overlord” • 176,000 Ams. • 4,000 landing craft • 600 warships • 11,000 planes • Allies victory

22. 1944 Election

23. April 12, 1945 • FDR dead http://www.delanoye.org/FDR/

24. April 30, 1945 • Hitler commits suicide

25. May 8, 1945 • V-E Day http://www.history.com/media.do?id=tdih_may08_broadband&action=clip

26. Hiroshima • August 6, 1945 • Enola Gay • Pilot: Paul Tibbets • Bomb: “Little Boy” • 140,000 dead by end of year

27. Nagasaki • August 9, 1945 • Bomb: “Fat Man” • 70,000 dead by end of year

28. V-J Day • August 15, 1945 • USS Missouri