The Target Standard 1

1. The TargetStandard 1 A map is a way of organizing information about where.

2. Did You Know? • Maps organize information by whereit is. A map is a flat drawing of the Earth’s surface. It is like looking at Earth from out in space. It might show the whole Earth or just a small part, such as your neighborhood. (http://www.maparchive.org/details.php?image_id=2&sessionid=602a22a10cd8550ed6d6811547c71321) (http://upthedownstaircase.typepad.com/se_hace_camino_al_andar/writing_institute/index.html)

3. Did You Know? • Maps organize information by showing where things are. For example, we can find where all of the states that touch oceans are or all of the states that have mountains.

4. Did You Know? • We can’t put the surface of the Earth on a paper so we use symbols of land and water instead.

5. Did You Know? • When we put several of these “symbols” together, we can begin to tell where the location (its relative place) is. Delaware is between Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey

6. Did You Know? • We can talk about the top and bottom, left and right of a map if we all look at it the same way? What if we see it differently?

7. Did You Know? • Instead of using up and down, mapmakers show directions on a map by using a cardinal compass. It shows which direction is north, south, east, and west.

8. Think About It • What is a map? • What are problems someone might have reading a map? • What are some ways mapmakers help us understand maps. • What is location? • How can we use surrounding places to locate a specific one?

9. The Target Globes are models of the earth.

10. Did You Know? • A globe is a model that shows the shape of the whole Earth, a sphere.

11. Did You Know? • The North Pole is at the most northern point on a globe. At the opposite end of the globe is the South Pole. Both are frozen places.

12. Did You Know? • If we draw an imaginary line around the Earth halfway between the North and South Pole it would cut the Earth in half east and west. We call the line the equator. It is hot at the equator.

13. Did You Know? • We can “read” a globe by following the curve of the Earth. We can follow the flight of an airplane or migration of birds.

14. Think About It • What is a globe? • What are problems someone might have reading a globe? • What are some ways globemakers help us understand globes? • What are the North and South Poles? The equator? • How can we use surrounding oceans to locate a place on a globe?

15. Think About It • How is looking at a map and a globe different? • How does looking at the same place on a map and a globe help us understand places better? (http://www.visit-the-globe.com/) (http://www.telescopes-astronomy.com.au/world_map_wallpaper2.jpg)

16. The Target Maps and globes have many purposes.

17. Did You Know? • Maps can be used to show where buildings such as schools or shopping centers are located. Maps also show the roads that connect towns and cities. You can find your way to any place using a map. (maps.com)

18. Did You Know? • Maps can be used to show mountains, rivers, oceans, and deserts. They also help us understand where they are in relation to one another, the Atlantic Ocean is east of Delaware. (maps.com)

19. Think About It • How can maps be “read” to find out what is in the real world?

20. Think About It • Josh and Cara wanted to describe how to get to their cousin’s house. Josh got out a map and Cara got out a globe. What would be the best choice for them to use? Why?

21. The Target Theme maps have legends to help identify information that can be learned on the map.

22. Did You Know? • A legend is a group of symbols found in a box on a map. The symbols help explain how to read the map’s information. (http://www.nenv.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/TNTmips63RefManual%20(HTML)/dispc010.htm )

23. Did You Know? • When a map shows what types of farming or industry occurs in a place the legend might have corn, chickens, or wheat; pictures that show where these products grow. (www.museum.state.il.us)

24. Did You Know? • When a map shows the climates of places, the legend might have colors that show where deserts, frozen tundra, or tropics are found. • (theodora.com)

25. Did You Know? • Maps might even show interesting facts such as where ball parks, factories, or even McDonald’s are located. These maps might use dots to show the location. (slashfood.com)

26. Did You Know? • Some maps have lines that show where a country’s borders or boundaries are. The borders separate one state or country from another state or country. We can’t really see the lines on the ground. This type of map is called a political map.

27. Did You Know? • Some maps use colored areas to show elevation. Elevation is how high land is above or below the level of the ocean. These maps are called physical maps. They tell more about the land.

28. Think About It • What are different ways mapmakers give information on maps? • How might looking at the same place on different kinds of maps help us learn more about that place.

29. The Target The scale of a map explains the distance between places in real measurements.

30. Did You Know? • The scale of a map is shown as a line with marks. It will tell what the real distance on the earth between two places is. It might be in feet, miles, or kilometers. (www.wall-maps.com )

31. Did You Know? • When the scale measurement is placed between the two places, a distance can be estimated. • (http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/leveson/core/linksa/scale_use.html)

32. Did You Know? • A map scale might show a small area in great detail. (http://www.nationalgeographic.org/walkingtours/Washington_DC_Walking_Tour/dctmap.html)

33. Did You Know? • A map scale might show a bigger area in less detail. (http://www.dcmessageboards.com/index.php?showtopic=9468)

34. Think About It Your family is thinking about talking a weekend trip to Washington, DC. How might having a scale on this map help your family plan the time? (http://www.visitingdc.com/images/washington-dc-mall-map.jpg)