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The Respiratory System

Chapter 13. The Respiratory System. Functions of the Respiratory System. Oxygen is required for cellular respiration, and thus production of the body’s energy (ATP). Tracts of the Respiratory System. T he respiratory system can be divided into two tracts: Upper respiratory tract:

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The Respiratory System

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  1. Chapter 13 The Respiratory System

  2. Functions of the Respiratory System • Oxygen is required for cellular respiration, and thus production of the body’s energy (ATP)

  3. Tracts of the Respiratory System • The respiratory system can be divided into two tracts: • Upper respiratory tract: • Lower respiratory tract:

  4. Structures of the Respiratory System Frontal sinus Nasal cavity Soft palate Hard palate Pharynx Nostril Epiglottis Oral cavity Esophagus Larynx Trachea Bronchus Right lung Left lung

  5. Upper Respiratory Tract: Nose • Only externally visible part of respiratory system • Air enters through the external nostrils • Interior of the nose:

  6. Upper Respiratory Tract: Palate & Sinuses • The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by a partition called the palate • The nasal cavity is surrounded by • Functions of the sinuses include

  7. Upper Respiratory Tract: Pharynx • Commonly called the throat • Also contains • Tonsils –

  8. Major Structures of Upper/Lower Respiratory Tracts Frontal sinus Sphenoidal sinus Nostril Pharyngeal tonsil Hard palate Soft palate Uvula Palatine tonsil Tongue Lingual tonsil Epiglottis Hyoid bone Larynx Esophagus (part of digestive tract) Trachea

  9. Upper Respiratory Tract: Larynx • Composed of • Functions of the larynx: • How? When swallowing, the epiglottis closes over opening to larynx, thus preventing food from entering lower respiratory tract • Plays a role in

  10. Structures of the Larynx

  11. Lower Respiratory Tract: Trachea • Function: Larynx Cartilaginous ring Trachea Left primary bronchus Right primary bronchus

  12. Lower Respiratory Tract: Bronchi • Bronchioles eventually terminate Larynx Cartilaginous ring Trachea Left primary bronchus Right primary bronchus

  13. Branches of the Bronchi

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